1. Why is the weather so bad at the moment?

2. BY THE END OF THE LESSON YOU WILL; 1) BE ABLE TO DESCRIBE HOW DIFFERENT FACTORS WILL AFFECT THE FLOOD HYDROGRAPH 2) BE ABLE TO EXPLAIN THE DIFFERENT STAGES OF A RIVER 3) BE ABLE TO EXPLAIN HOW WATERFALLS ARE FORMED 4) DEMONSTRATE YOUR UNDERSTANDING OF NEW KEY WORDS Rivers

3. Homework review Task 1; 1. We are going to go through the list of key words 2. Make sure you have the perfect definition written down 3. Give yourself a mark out of 18. Key words Evaporation Precipitation Evapotranspiration Interception Transpiration Condensation Surface runoff / overland flow Hydrological cycle Water Table Infiltration Through flow Groundwater flow Percolation Leaf drip Surface Storage Permeable Impermeable Saturated Task 2; 1.You need to choose 6 words 2.Put them in a grid 3.When you get a line of 3 shout BINGO!

4. Impacts on the River; Task; Draw a sketch for the following hydrographs; An area where there has been large scale deforestation An area where there is permeable rock such as Chalk A built up area ( village) An area that is built up and has lots of trees An area where there is semi- porous rock such as clay Christchurch

5. BY THE END OF THE LESSON YOU WILL; 1) BE ABLE TO DESCRIBE HOW DIFFERENT FACTORS WILL AFFECT THE FLOOD HYDROGRAPH 2) BE ABLE TO EXPLAIN THE DIFFERENT STAGES OF A RIVER 3) BE ABLE TO EXPLAIN HOW WATERFALLS ARE FORMED 4) DEMONSTRATE YOUR UNDERSTANDING OF NEW KEY WORDS Rivers

6. River Characteristics Task What are the main changes that happen as you go down from the Source to the Mouth of the River?Mouth of the River Task 2; What will happen to the size? What will happen to the size of the load? What will happen to the amount of load? What will happen to the volume of water? What will happen to the speed of water?

7. Key Processes; River Erosion Task 1. Watch the following video clipvideo clip 2. Match up the key words and their definitions in the table below Key WordDefinition Abrasionthe force of the water dislodges particles from the river’s bed and banks usually after a waterfall Attritionwhen acids in the water dissolve minerals in the rocks- removal of chemical ions especially calcium Hydraulic action wearing away of rock usually causing small and rounded pebbles Solutionwearing away of the bed and bank by the load of a river: smoothing them- think of sand paper

8. Key Processes; Transportation Task  You are going to sit back to back  You need to choose one person to describe what is in the diagram  Explain what key processes are occurring in the diagram Key processes Saltation Solution Suspension Traction Extension; 1.Which of the different processes occurs the most in rivers? 2.Which occurs the least in rivers? 3.Explain you answers

9. Key Processes; Deposition Task 1. The closer you get to the river mouth, the more deposition occurs 2. Why does a river deposit its load? 3. Work as a pair to explain why using all of the key words The river in the lower course will have a wider channel, and a decreased channel speed. This means that it will have less energy to carry the sediment. When it reaches the sea, the sediment will be deposited on the bottom of the river channel.

10. BY THE END OF THE LESSON YOU WILL; 1) BE ABLE TO DESCRIBE HOW DIFFERENT FACTORS WILL AFFECT THE FLOOD HYDROGRAPH 2) BE ABLE TO EXPLAIN THE DIFFERENT STAGES OF A RIVER 3) BE ABLE TO EXPLAIN HOW WATERFALLS ARE FORMED 4) DEMONSTRATE YOUR UNDERSTANDING OF NEW KEY WORDS Rivers

11. The Upper Course of a River; Task 1. Watch the following clipfollowing clip 2. Describe what the upper course of the river is like 3. Try to name some of the features which you can see.

12. How are waterfalls created? Task 1. Study the following diagram 2. How do you think this leads to the formation of a waterfall? 3. Work in a pair Water flows down a river Hard Rock Soft Rock Key Words; Hydraulic Action, Abrasion, Solution, Erosion, Cap Rock, Gulley, Plunge Pool Key Words; Hydraulic Action, Abrasion, Solution, Erosion, Cap Rock, Gulley, Plunge Pool

13. How are waterfalls formed; Task 1. Cut out the following statements 2. Put them in the correct order to explain how waterfalls have been formed Water flows over hard rock that has soft rock underneath Over time this crack will get bigger and bigger until it reaches te soft rock. This crack will be made bigger by erosion such as Hydraulic action and Abrasion As it moves back, it will leave behind a river with cliffs surrounding Eventually the overhang will not have enough support, and so will fall down into the plunge pool There will be the washing out of the soft rock by erosion such as hydraulic action and abrasion. A small crack develops in the hard rock The waterfall will eventually move back towards the source Over time, this rock will start to hang over the plunge pool. This is called an overhang When it reaches the soft rock, the erosion will be faster This is because hydraulic action, abrasion and solution are wearing away the soft rock underneath The hard resistant rock is called the cap rock The process will start all over again This is called a gorgeThe soft rock will start to undercut the hard rock and form a pool called a plunge pool The overhang will get bigger and bigger and have less support underneath it Water flows over hard rock that has soft rock underneath A small crack develops in the hard rock This crack will be made bigger by erosion such as Hydraulic action and Abrasion Over time this crack will get bigger and bigger until it reaches te soft rock. When it reaches the soft rock, the erosion will be faster There will be the washing out of the soft rock by erosion such as hydraulic action and abrasion. The soft rock will start to undercut the hard rock and form a pool called a plunge pool The hard resistant rock is called the cap rock Over time, this rock will start to hang over the plunge pool. This is called an overhang The overhang will get bigger and bigger and have less support underneath it This is because hydraulic action, abrasion and solution are wearing away the soft rock underneath Eventually the overhang will not have enough support, and so will fall down into the plunge pool The process will start all over again The waterfall will eventually move back towards the source As it moves back, it will leave behind a river with cliffs surrounding This is called a gorge

14. Waterfall Creation Task 1.Stick the sheet into your books 2.Add in the key words to the boxes below Key words Corrasion / Abrasion Hard resistant Soft less resistant Gorge Plunge pool Key words Corrasion / Abrasion Hard resistant Soft less resistant Gorge Plunge pool Extension; Can you add in any other labels to help you in a waterfall formation? Extension; Can you add in any other labels to help you in a waterfall formation?

15. BY THE END OF THE LESSON YOU WILL; 1) BE ABLE TO DESCRIBE HOW DIFFERENT FACTORS WILL AFFECT THE FLOOD HYDROGRAPH 2) BE ABLE TO EXPLAIN THE DIFFERENT STAGES OF A RIVER 3) BE ABLE TO EXPLAIN HOW WATERFALLS ARE FORMED 4) DEMONSTRATE YOUR UNDERSTANDING OF NEW KEY WORDS Rivers

16. Key word Bingo Task Pick 9 words from the list of key words Try to get a run of 3 words When you do…shout BINGO! Key words Evaporation Precipitation Evapotranspiration Interception Transpiration Condensation Surface runoff / overland flow Hydrological cycle Water Table Infiltration Through flow Groundwater flow Percolation Leaf drip Surface Storage Permeable Impermeable Saturated Cap Rock Abrasion Solution Attrition Hydraulic action Gorge Upper course Middle course Lower course Plunge pool