2 nd EU-ASEAN Perspectives Dialogue Results BOG Climate Change March 28, 2015 Nelly Stratieva, Priska Arianti, Juliene Svetlana Cruz, Katarzyna Anna Nawrot, Agathe Anne Schibler, Kenneth Wong

Identification of dimensions for climate change engagement between ASEAN and the EU Identification of stakeholders with the role to play in combating climate change Defining gaps and status quo in certain dimensions Formulating policy implications Research process

Institutional Goal: increase efficiency of regional governance Green economy Goal: build green economy through promoting technologies and innovations, energy use diversification (RES), public-private partnership and Triple Helix cooperation Civil society Goal: optimizing civil society engagement in climate change mitigation Dimensions for policy implications

Institutions – regional, interregional level States – national level Private sector Academia Civil Society Identification of stakeholders with a role to play in combating climate change

Absence or difficulty of a single voice representation ASEAN EU Member states differentiation and dividing lines ASEAN EU Duplication of actions EU/MS with ASEAN Effective implementation issues - gap between the declarations and implementations in ASEAN Gaps and status quo – institutional dimension

Importance of technology transfer Technology gap: o ASEAN (implementer) vs EU (technology inventor, IPRs owner) o Between member states (different development level) => differentiated capabilities to use new technologies and innovations for CC issues Technology transfer to address ASEAN’s local needs Green initiatives economic growth, job creation, poverty alleviation. Role of private sector o efficient in technology absorption and diffusion o incentivize better involvement in CC Not sufficient discussions and regulations for compensation to technology producers; agreements to protect IPRs Gaps and status quo – green economy (1)

Projected dependence of ASEAN countries on fossil fuels in the next decades. Energy diversification renewable energy. Prioritizing renewables – need for political support/ coordination between governments, decision makers, private sector. Coherent efforts between individual states and regional institutions in support of TT. Gaps and status quo – green economy (2)

Disconnection between active civil society at national and subnational level and its representation at ASEAN level. Civic engagement in ASEAN level second tier compared to the EU, despite existing tracks of CSO (Civil Society Organisation). Different possibilities of CSO at the EU and ASEAN level (funding, lobbying). Application processes, guidelines and requirements to be included in ASEAN-accredited organisations => opaque. Gaps and status quo – civil society

‘Top-down’: long term strategic policy making to avoid mal-adaptation and ensure coherence between measures and sectors. and ‘Bottom-up’: adaptation through sector-specific measures that reflect local realities. Policy framework at regional level or inter-regional level o guidelines for particular countries and their CC strategies, action plans/regulations in certain dimensions o elaborate on measures, actions, policies, commitments. Identifying institutions of similar or common character at the EU and ASEAN level - possibilities for cooperation; increase effectiveness; eliminate overlapping regional institutions; avoid duplications. Linking identified institutions with relevant institutions at national level. Strengthening the enforcement capabilities of regional institutions on MS. Policy implications – general (1)

Policy implications – general (2) Strengthen partnerships and mutual learning between ASEAN and the EU => direct cooperation and dialogue between relevant sectorial ministries and authorities => experts, policy makers, researchers dialogue => solving issues on regulation and technical sides, supporting the institutional implementation of policies Promote direct and para-diplomatic cooperation at subnational level => cities /smart cities / universities / institutes Strengthen and expand dialogue platforms between Europe and SE Asia => i.e. READI (Regional EU – ASEAN Dialogue Instrument)

Regional level Recommendations to ASEAN based on the EU experiences: Institutional coordination with a high profile head of ASEAN CC Negotiations Bringing the ASEAN negotiations to a new level of expertise Recognizing inequalities with different sharing of efforts Formulate long-term goals or vision instead of short-term roadmaps Timely manner on sharing of information National level Setting of research and technical capacities (esp. monitoring mechanisms) Consolidation of environmental laws Coordination of one’s national policies to remove barriers and inclusion of regional agreements Ensure intergovernmental cooperation – bottom up governance Policy implications – institutional dimension

Build public private partnership dialogue on RES  elaborate on regulation on RES  avoid “implementation gap” in ASEAN member states  build a consultation and dialogue institutional platform between ASEAN member state on RES. Strengthening cooperation on green initiatives via FDI from EU to ASEAN countries. Strengthening academia and researcher exchange and cooperation on climate change issues between EU and ASEAN. Building partnership and projects with different stakeholders (public and private) for developing green innovation technology between EU and ASEAN). Elaborate on solutions to build an agreement/policy/regulations to raise funding for technology or a global technology acquisition fund. Policy implications – green economy

Institutionalise civil society organisations at ASEAN level: financially and administratively. Incorporate improvements and clear guidelines on CSO, e.g. on transparency, governance and reporting. Need to elaborate on a central, co-ordinating structure or body, an accreditation process for CSOs at the ASEAN level; i.e. ASEAN Social Forestry Network (ASFN). Strengthen the participation of CSO in decision-making process at the international level and the possibility for their cooperation and active participation in climate change issues. Encourage the exchange of CSO between EU and ASEAN member states in order to strengthen partnership; sharing experiences; learning process. Policy implications – civil society

partnership learning understanding Concluding remarks

Thank you for your attention!!