Enhancing Patient Care by Improving the Structure of Ophthalmic Education Bruce E. Spivey, M.D., M.S., MEd. President, International Council of Ophthalmology IAPB 9 th General Assembly 2012 September 17, 2012 Hyderabad, India

The International Council of Ophthalmology has created a comprehensive Education Program with particular focus on developing Countries: 1)Residency Curriculum—now universally accepted—e.g. EBO. Also Medical Student and Allied Health 2)Resident Program Directors Courses—22 Worldwide 3)Annual Evaluation (5 Exams)—2,000 + each year 4)Fellowship Programs—3 months for developing countries—615. Additional 1 year programs 5)Subspecialty Curriculum—12+ including Community Ophthalmology and Management 6)Teaching the Teachers Program—at supranational meetings 7)Center for Ophthalmic Educators—web based 8)CME/CPD—Future

Learning Occurs in Many Ways Watching and listening—observership Following and mimicking–preceptorship Curriculum with objectives—structured experience

ICO curriculum presently is “Content” = “what” to teach (needs local modification) ICO curriculum intends to include “How”, “when”, “who”, “where” to teach Curriculum framework & implementation plan is LOCAL determined and implemented locally Curriculum Revision: Updates the existing three levels (basic, standard and advanced.) It will also add a section on community eye health and incorporate a new fourth "subspecialist" or "fellowship" level of training This fourth level will serve as the basis for the future development of subspecialty curricula

Moving from traditional to modern definition of curriculum Traditional: What to teach (content outline) Modern: What, Who, When, How, Why The future of ICO curriculum: To be the “go to resource” globally for ophthalmic educators” Alignment with Teaching the Teachers projects Subspecialty curricula development now in progress

Updated initial 2006 curriculum in 2011 Now creating fellowship curricula (sub-specialties) Disseminating curriculum worldwide Adding languages Using curriculum as teaching tool in Teaching the Teachers program globally

Residency Curriculum Created-2006 Total of 16 Sub Segments Total number of Ophthalmologists involved is this includes those who developed the content as well as who reviewed it New ICO Residency Curriculum 2011, finalized September 2012 to be Modified as to Environment and Capacity locally ICO Programs: International Curricula - For residents, allied providers and medical students (2006) - For Ophthalmic assistants (2009) and refractionists (2011) - New curriculum for residents (2012) - For subspecialty training ( )

ICO Program Directors Meetings > 1000 Program Directors thus far!

Residency Program Directors Course 2004 Mexico City, Mexico 2006 Lima, Peru Cairo, Egypt 2007 Lahore, Pakistan Buenos Aires, Argentina Brasilia, Brazil 2008 Florianopolis, Brazil Portoroz, Slovenia Addis Ababa, Ethiopia 2009 Beijing, China Bali, Indonesia Bogotá, Columbia 2010 Hyderabad, India Ankara, Turkey Xian, China Bogotá, Colombia 2011 Guangzhou, China Crete, Greece Delhi, India 2012 Portoroz, Slovenia Nanjing, China Helsinki, Finland

Evaluation—Annual Exam- Initiated 1994 Exams take place in 67 countries, and 130 examinations centers Exams offered: Theoretical Optics and Refraction Basic Science Clinical Sciences Advanced FICO Foundation Assessment—available in January 2013 In 2012 the number of exams taken: Clinical Sciences – 754 exams Basic Science – 1,261 exams Theoretical Optics and Refraction – 1,312 exams Advanced FICO- 232 registered, exam to be taken in October TOTAL of 3,327 exams taken

Subspecialty Fellowships- Initiated 2000 Number Provided: 615 since 2000 — 3 Months 6 Helmerich— 1 year 4 Alcon Slovenia— 1+ year SAARC— just beginning Fred Hollows Foundation Fellowships— just beginning and funded for ICO/FHF Fellowships: 3 month fellowships Allocated to countries in Africa, South Asia, South East Asia, Pacific Region ICO/FHF: 1 year subspecialty fellowships SAO/ICO/FHF: 1 year subspecialty fellowships Allocated to the SAARC Region - Number of Countries from: 85 -Number of Countries to: 25 3-months ICO Fellows come from countries annually

Subspecialty Curricula 4 are in progress (total number to be developed has not been decided yet, but at least 12) First 4 curricula planned to be available early 2013: Oculoplastic Surgery and Orbit Neuro-Ophthalmology Glaucoma Cornea, External Diseases, and Refractive Surgery A total of 30 ophthalmologists presently involved

Advocacy International, national, regional, local Efficiency of Practice We need to learn it, and then teach Espousing and implementing team care ICO Membership Benefits for Members Support for society and leadership development Needed Programs

Educators Education is key to professionalism Educators deserve our recognition, support and praise Educators rewards are too often only internal and to infrequently external We want to reward our leading educators with our respect, admiration and support– emotional and financial Here’s to good teachers everywhere!!!

Center for Ophthalmic Educators The Center offers educational resources for teachers of all ophthalmic learners, as well as ways to share and collaborate with your peers and other ophthalmic educators Resources in teaching theory, assessment tools, curricula and materials to use to teach with. Monthly newsletter Ophthalmic Educators Letter. Work areas for ICO initiatives such as curricula development. Web-based courses to improve knowledge of teaching methods and theory, and their application online and in the classroom “Educate the educators about modern teaching and learning theory and methods” Goal is to empower medical teachers

Our Goal—Enhance Patient Care by Improving Education Exams Begin Fellowships Resident Program Directors Initial Resident Curriculum Ophthalmic Assistants and Medical Student Curricula Teaching the Teachers New and Additional Exams Revised Curricula Center for Ophthalmic Educators Fellowship Curricula FHF Fellows Two decades of enhancing programs. We are improving education Worldwide—especially in developing Countries

2012 Strategic Plan for ICO Education Training Teams to Meet Public Needs Curricula and Expectations for Training Programs Continuing Professional Development Accreditation and Certification Teaching the Teachers Technologies for Teaching and Learning