17.3 Teddy Roosevelt’s Square Deal OBJECTIVE: Understand the reforms of Roosevelt’s Administration

Establishes Square Deal 1902 Coal StrikeTrust-bustingRailroad Regulation Identify and discuss four ways Pres. Roosevelt re- defined federal power during his presidency

Theodore Roosevelt Governor of NY. Reformer. Hero of Spanish American War. Nominated to be Vice-President by Republican party bosses Pres. McKinley assassinated, TR becomes President. Creates the “modern presidency” b/c of his popularity with the public and use of media/press. Uses White House as a “bully pulpit”

Identify and discuss four ways Pres. Roosevelt re-defined federal power during his presidency “Square Deal” = TR’s package of reforms Expands the use of federal power to reform US Arbitrates the 1902 Coal Strike & threatened to assume control of mines HISTORICAL SIGNIFICANCE: Govt. did not automatically back big business TRUST BUSTING – mixed record of success, perhaps because TR sends a mixed message – considers some trusts good and other bad. Railroad regulation – Elkins Act of 1903 and Hepburn Act of 1906 give the Interstate Commerce Commission more power to curb the railroads power through federal regulation.

Pullman Strike Anthracite Coal Strike of 1902 COMPARE AND CONTRAST

Identify and Discuss President Roosevelt’s actions and policies in the areas of: PROTECTING CITIZENS’ HEALTH PROTECTING THE ENVIRONMENT POSITION ON CIVIL RIGHTS

TR and REFORM PROTECTING HEALTH  1906: Meat Inspection Act: (reaction to Upton Sinclair’s The Jungle)  1906: Pure Food and Drug Act CONSERVATION  Created US Forest Service  Creates over 50 national parks & wilderness areas CIVIL RIGHTS Ambiguous record dealing with Civil Rights –Hosted Booker T. Washington at White House, –Yet, did not embrace reforms of NAACP

The vast individual and corporate fortunes, the vast combinations of capital which have marked the development of our industrial system, create new conditions, and necessitate a change from the old attitude of the State and the nation toward property.... More and more it is evident that the State, and if necessary the nation, has got to possess the right of supervision and control as regards the great corporations which are its creatures.-----T. Roosevelt

Theodore Roosevelt cartoon "A nauseating job, but it must be done" Upton Sinclair's novel, The Jungle, published in 1906, prompted President Theodore Roosevelt to order an investigation of Sinclair's allegations about unsanitary practices. Roosevelt then used the results of that investigation to pressure Congress into approving new federal legislation to inspect meatpacking. (Utica Saturday Globe) Theodore Roosevelt cartoon "A nauseating job, but it must be done" Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.

Stamp--"US Inspected and Condemned" Upton Sinclair's novel, The Jungle, published in 1906, prompted President Theodore Roosevelt to order an investigation of Sinclair's allegations about unsanitary practices. Roosevelt then used the results of that investigation to pressure Congress into approving new federal legislation to inspect meatpacking, including a stamp such as the one shown here for condemned meat. (Chicago Historical Society) Stamp--"US Inspected and Condemned" Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.

Patent medicine Makers of unregulated patent medicines advertised exorbitant results from using their products. This ad, while warning against "fraudulent claims," asserts that a wide belt can cure a variety of ailments. The Pure Food and Drug Act of 1906 did not ban such products but tried to prevent manufacturers from making such unsubstantiated statements. (Picture Research Consultants & Archives) Patent medicine Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.

Theodore Roosevelt with John Muir at Yosemite, 1903 In 1903, at Yosemite National Park, Theodore Roosevelt met with John Muir, a leading advocate for the preservation of wilderness. While Roosevelt made important contributions to the preservation of parks and wildlife refuges, he was more interested in the careful management of national resources, including federal lands. (Yosemite Museum) Theodore Roosevelt with John Muir at Yosemite, 1903 Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.

TEST STUDY GUIDE –Identify factors in American Imperialism. Which was most significant? Compare/Contrast WW and TR’s diplomacy –Compare/Contrast arguments for and arguments against US imperialism –Describe & discuss the 4 major tenets of Progressivism –Identify the key reforms and accomplishments of the Roosevelt Administration