INDEPENDENCE FOR TEXAS
MAP: Do Now (pg. 485) Label the Following: Label the Following: Republic of Texas Mexico Red River Nueces River U.S Gulf of Mexico Rio Grande Shade in the area claimed by both Texas and Mexico Label the Following: Goliad Alamo San Jacinto San Antonio Gonzales Use one color to symbolize Texan Victory and one for Mexican Victory (KEY)
Spanish Texas The Spanish had been in the Americas since Columbus in 1492. Spain owned a large part of North America, including Texas.
In 1821, Mexico won independence from Spain
Conflict Over Texas After serving 3 terms in Congress for TN, Davey Crockett headed SW to Texas In 1803, U.S. laid claim to TX as part of the LA Purchase. Spain protested and claim dropped Spain gave land to people who agreed to bring families and settle in TX Moses/Stephen Austin (empresarios) recruited 300 American families to settle (1821)
Why Did Tension Grow? By 1830, Americans in TX outnumbered Tejanos and they had not adopted Mexican ways Law of April 6, 1830—Mexico issued a decree banning U.S. immigration A tax was placed on U.S. imports
Why did hopes for reconciliation fade? Mexican President, Santa Anna (aka Napoleon of the West), agreed to remove the ban on settlers, but did not change political status Austin was arrested for making plans for independence and Santa Anna became a dictator and threw out the Constitution
The Struggle for Independence TX wanted to be a separate nation from Mexico and called on volunteers, like Davey Crockett, to fight First fight of Texas Revolution: Battle of Gonzales In Dec. 1835, Texans liberated San Antonio from Mexican control
What Happened at the Alamo? Santa Anna, furious about the loss, marched north to San Antonio Texas (lack of gunpowder and 160 men) vs. Santa Anna (1000s of men) Crockett, Bowie and Travis defended Alamo for 12 days
What Happened at the Alamo? March 6, 1836, Alamo fell to Mexico
Texas Declares its Independence Texan leaders met in Washington-on-the-Brazos to draw up a new constitution Texas DOI similar to U.S. DOI stating grievances Sam Houston became commander-in-chief of Texans
The Battle of San Jacinto Houston and his army gathered outside of Houston, TX and launched a surprise attack, killing 600 and capturing Santa Anna Battle cry—”Remember the Alamo!” May 14, 1836—Treaty signed recognizing Texas’ independence
Remember the Alamo!
Lone Star Republic and Annexation Houston elected President and asks to be annexed Jackson refuses, not wanting to upset slave state balance The Mexican govt refused to honor Santa Anna’s recognition of independence Congress remained divided for the next 3 Presidents
Texas Becomes a State With Oregon, Texas was also a campaign issue in 1844 when Polk was elected TX becomes a state on Dec 29, 1845