1. THE TEXAS REVOLUTION

2. Mexico as an Independent Nation
Independence from Spain came in 1821
Mexico invited Americans to settle there and passed 3 colonization laws, offering cheap land with 10-years tax free.

3. Empresarios
Mexico hired empresarios as “agents” to bring these new settlers to Texas.
An empresario was a contractor, authorized to give land to people from other areas, including the Americans, to help populate Texas.
In return, the empresario was given land for his own personal use.

4. Stephen F. Austin
Stephen F. Austin was an empresario who later became a hero of the Texas Revolution.
He was very successful and founded a city, Washington-on-the-Brazos.

5. Tejanos
When Stephen Austin moved to Texas, it was not a wild and empty territory.
It was filled with Spanish-speaking inhabitants, called tejanos.
Tejanos established large cities like San Antonio and Hidalgo.

6. New Settlers Laws
New settlers to Texas had to obey certain laws imposed by the Mexican government, which was located in Mexico City.

7. Question
Who was the successful empresario who founded Washington-on-the-Brazos?

8. SOME OF THESE LAWS WERE.... Become a member of the Catholic Church
Swear allegiance to the Mexican government
Understand that slavery would not be tolerated in Texas

9. Mexico Falls
During this time, Mexico fell into the hands of a powerful dictator named General Antonio Lopez de Santa Anna, who had been elected president.
As dictator, he had absolute authority & power.

10. “TEXICANS” Americans who immigrated to Texas.
They were mostly Protestant and not interested in becoming Catholic.
They didn’t care about learning Spanish as a second language.
They refused to obey the
no-slavery laws imposed by
Mexico and brought many
slaves into Texas.

11. Question
In April 1834, President Santa Anna of Mexico denounced Mexico’s Constitution and placed himself into what position?

12. Santa Anna banned Texas settlement
Santa Anna responded to this by stopping further settlement into Texas, which angered the new Texan citizens.
By 1830, about 20,000 Americans had moved into Texas.

13. First Convention
The first convention was held in the Texas town of San Felipe in 1832.
1. Texans asked Mexico to
reopen the territory to
American immigrants.
2. They also wanted less
taxes on imported goods
from foreign countries.

14. New Texas Government On March 2, 1836, Texas formed a new republic.
This government was separate from Mexico.
Texas was modeled after
the United States.
And slavery was allowed.

15. Question
In 1830, Mexico closed its borders to any further immigration by what group of people?

16. Leaders of Texas
Delegates to the constitutional convention chose the leaders of Texas.
David Burnet was elected temporary President.
Empresario Lorenzo de Zavalo was elected Vice President.
Sam Houston, a Tennessean, was head of the army of Texas.

17. The Revolution Begins
The actual Texas revolution started at the Battle of Gonzales, October 1835, in which the “rebels” were victorious.

18. SANTA ANNA’S ARMY
Santa Anna began to assemble a large army at a small, abandoned Catholic mission near San Antonio. It’s name was the Alamo.
Santa Anna’s 6,000
soldiers surrounded
the Alamo, which
protected only about
180 Texas soldiers.

19. All Defenders Killed
All 180 of the Texas soldiers at the Alamo were killed. Only a few survivors were left to tell the story of their heroic deaths.

20. Famous Texans who fought on March 6, 1836
Davy Crockett
William Travis
Jim Bowie
Juan Seguin
Joe, Travis’ slave whose life was spared
Do not write!
Travis
Crockett
Bowie
Sequin

21. Goliad Execution
Following the victory at the Alamo, Santa Anna moved his army to a town called Goliad, where he murdered over 300 Texas soldiers who had surrendered.

22. Texans Would Never Forget
All over Texas, people were crying out.....
“Remember the Alamo!”
“Remember Goliad!”

23. Question
What was the name of the town in which Santa Anna’s army executed 300 men?

24. Sam Houston
During this time, General Sam Houston and his Texan army was avoiding confrontation with Santa Anna until he felt the moment was right to insure victory.
That time came in the afternoon of April 21, 1836.

25. Battle of San Jacinto The Battle lasted less than 20 minutes.
Santa Anna’s army was completely destroyed because:
It was divided
Camping at a poor site
Completely surprised
by Houston’s army

26. Santa Anna Captured
Santa Anna was captured the following day and signed over to General Houston the area of Mexico called Texas.
Houston was a hero!
He was elected the first president of Texas.

27. Texas Annexation
Since declaring their independence from Mexico in 1836, most Texans favored annexation, or permanently acquiring a territory, by the United States.
In 1845, the U.S.
annexed the Republic
of Texas and admitted it
as the 28th state.