An Age of Reform Chapter 16

The Early 1900’s Exciting time for America Exciting time for America Honest citizens could make changes for the better. Honest citizens could make changes for the better. Reformers were those who worked for change. Reformers were those who worked for change.

Muckrackers Stir the Country In cities the homes of the rich were seen. In cities the homes of the rich were seen. There were also too many poor that were living in slums. There were also too many poor that were living in slums. People worried that the wealthy would soon run the country. People worried that the wealthy would soon run the country. Muckrackers- those people who wrote about greed, corruption, and the problems of the poor. Muckrackers- those people who wrote about greed, corruption, and the problems of the poor. They made America aware of the need for reform “change”. They made America aware of the need for reform “change”.

Upton Sinclair Read pg. 257 of book Read pg. 257 of book -Was a muckraker -Saw filthy conditions in meat packing industry -Wrote the book The Jungle -Helped bring reform Read Page 257

Upton Sinclair President Theodore President Theodore Roosevelt and Congress Passed the Pure Food and Drug Act and the Federal Meat Inspection Act. * Upton Sinclair made a difference in the quality of foods that consumers ate.

Ida Tarbell Was a muckraker Was a muckraker Father owned Oil Company - forced out by Standard Oil. Father owned Oil Company - forced out by Standard Oil. She investigated John D. Rockefeller’s Standard Oil Company for 5 years! She investigated John D. Rockefeller’s Standard Oil Company for 5 years!

Ida Tarbell Standard Oil was the largest oil refining company in the world. Standard Oil was the largest oil refining company in the world. She wrote History of the Standard Oil Company She wrote History of the Standard Oil Company She discovered that secret deals had been made between the oil company and the railroads. Standard forced railroads to give back some of the money they’d been paid to ship the oil. The railroad had to charge other companies more for service. Rockefeller was able to sell his oil at a cheaper rate. The smaller companies lost their customers. They were forced to sell their business to Standard Oil. She discovered that secret deals had been made between the oil company and the railroads. Standard forced railroads to give back some of the money they’d been paid to ship the oil. The railroad had to charge other companies more for service. Rockefeller was able to sell his oil at a cheaper rate. The smaller companies lost their customers. They were forced to sell their business to Standard Oil.

Jacob Riis Police reporter for NYC Newspaper Police reporter for NYC Newspaper How the Other Half Lives How the Other Half Lives He wanted to improve the cities crowded slums. He wanted to improve the cities crowded slums. Started movements to build parks and playgrounds Started movements to build parks and playgrounds

Jane Addams Was from a wealthy family but saw the slums and didn’t like how these people were living. Was from a wealthy family but saw the slums and didn’t like how these people were living. “There are people there who need help, and I want to help them”- Addams “There are people there who need help, and I want to help them”- Addams Founded Hull House in Chicago= had courses to offer these people and different clubs and groups. Founded Hull House in Chicago= had courses to offer these people and different clubs and groups.

Civil Service Act Government jobs were always given to friends and political supporters (it was called a “spoils system”). Government jobs were always given to friends and political supporters (it was called a “spoils system”). People were now hired on the basis of their ability to do the work. People were now hired on the basis of their ability to do the work. Tests were given and those with the highest scores got the jobs. Tests were given and those with the highest scores got the jobs.

Progressives Pass New Amendments! 16 th Amendment- Set up a federal income tax. People paid taxes according to how much money they made. 16 th Amendment- Set up a federal income tax. People paid taxes according to how much money they made. 17 th Amendment-US Senators were elected directly by the people of the states. 17 th Amendment-US Senators were elected directly by the people of the states. ** Progressives wanted all citizens voices to be heard in government. ** Progressives wanted all citizens voices to be heard in government.

Background Check! What can you remember? What can you remember? The 15 th Amendment said that all ______________ had the right to vote. The 15 th Amendment said that all ______________ had the right to vote. A. Blacks B. Women C. Men

Women’s Rights Susan B. Anthony led a long fight for Women’s Suffrage (the right to vote). Susan B. Anthony led a long fight for Women’s Suffrage (the right to vote). Susan B. Anthony broke the law. Susan B. Anthony broke the law. She led her group into the booth to vote (she was the first to vote in a national election) and she was arrested! She led her group into the booth to vote (she was the first to vote in a national election) and she was arrested!

19 th Amendment Thanks to all of those who fought for Women’s Rights, we gained the right to vote in 1920! Thanks to all of those who fought for Women’s Rights, we gained the right to vote in 1920!

The Conservation Movement Nations Resources were limited. Nations Resources were limited. Roosevelt set aside almost 150 million acres as national forests. Roosevelt set aside almost 150 million acres as national forests. Made Americans aware that they cannot waste their natural resources. Made Americans aware that they cannot waste their natural resources.