Bell Quiz: Use pages and the Glossary Define the following terms: 1. Appeasement. 2. Nonaggression pact. 3. Blitzkrieg. 4 Isolationism. 5. Hitler had 2600 total airplanes in the summer of 1940 and used 2000 of them one night bombing London. What percentage of his air force did he use?

Answers 1. The granting of concessions to a hostile power in order to keep the peace (giving a bully your milk money to avoid a fight). 2. An agreement between Germany and the Soviet Union to not go to war against each other. 3. “lightning war”: A sudden, massive attack with air and ground power. 4. Opposition to political and economic entanglements with other countries (avoidance/nonintervention) %

Objectives Explain Hitler’s motives and strategies for expansion and how Britain, France, the Soviet Union, and the U.S. responded. Explain Hitler’s motives and strategies for expansion and how Britain, France, the Soviet Union, and the U.S. responded. Compare and contrast the reactions of the allies to Nazi Germany with the actions taken today against totalitarian governments. Compare and contrast the reactions of the allies to Nazi Germany with the actions taken today against totalitarian governments.

Group Work: 2 per group 1) Put the following German invasions in order by date: Netherlands/Belgium/Luxembourg, Poland, Sudetenland, Austria, Britain, France, Czechoslovakia, Denmark/Norway. 2) What strategy did Hitler use to conquer each of the countries? 3) What action against Hitler was taken by the allies after each invasion?

What did we find out? Discuss and Identify 1) Austria. 2) Sudetenland. 3) Czechoslovakia. 4) Poland. 5) Denmark & Norway. 6) Netherlands/Belgium/Luxembourg. 7) France. 8) Britain. Identify the countries on the map.

Europe

Invasion of Austria On March 12th, 1938, German troops marched into German speaking Austria unopposed. On March 12th, 1938, German troops marched into German speaking Austria unopposed. The next day Germany announced that the union with Austria was complete. The next day Germany announced that the union with Austria was complete. The United States, the League of Nation, and rest of the world did nothing to protest or stop Germany. The United States, the League of Nation, and rest of the world did nothing to protest or stop Germany.

Invasion of Czechoslovakia About 3 million German-speaking people lived in the western border regions of Czechoslovakia (the Sudetenland). About 3 million German-speaking people lived in the western border regions of Czechoslovakia (the Sudetenland). The Munich Agreement/Pact: turned the Sudetenland over to Germany without a single shot being fired. The Munich Agreement/Pact: turned the Sudetenland over to Germany without a single shot being fired. Both France and Britain promised to protect Czechoslovakia, but didn’t. Both France and Britain promised to protect Czechoslovakia, but didn’t. Hitler invited the leaders of these nations to Munich. Hitler invited the leaders of these nations to Munich. –Neville Chamberlain (UK) Edouard Daladier (France) In an attempt to avoid war, France, Britain, and Germany signed the Munich Pact. In an attempt to avoid war, France, Britain, and Germany signed the Munich Pact.

Invasion of Czechoslovakia In Britain, Winston Churchill viewed the signing of the Munich Pact as an adoption of appeasement. In Britain, Winston Churchill viewed the signing of the Munich Pact as an adoption of appeasement. Appeasement: giving up principles to pacify an aggressor. Appeasement: giving up principles to pacify an aggressor. Churchill warned that Hitler would not stop at the Sudetenland. Churchill warned that Hitler would not stop at the Sudetenland. On March 15, 1939, German troops invaded the rest of Czechoslovakia. On March 15, 1939, German troops invaded the rest of Czechoslovakia.

Invasion of Poland The majority of Poland’s population was German speaking. The majority of Poland’s population was German speaking. France and Britain promised military aide to Poland. France and Britain promised military aide to Poland. August 23, 1939 Stalin and Hitler sign the Nonaggression Pact. August 23, 1939 Stalin and Hitler sign the Nonaggression Pact. –Germany and the Soviet Union committed to nonaggression towards each other. With the dangers of a two-front war eliminated German Invaded Poland. With the dangers of a two-front war eliminated German Invaded Poland.

Blitzkrieg in Poland September 1, 1939 Germany launched it Blitzkrieg in Poland. September 1, 1939 Germany launched it Blitzkrieg in Poland. Blitzkrieg (lightning war) used advances in military technology, such as fast tanks and more powerful aircraft, to take the enemy by surprise and quickly crush all opposition with overwhelming force. Blitzkrieg (lightning war) used advances in military technology, such as fast tanks and more powerful aircraft, to take the enemy by surprise and quickly crush all opposition with overwhelming force. WAR DECLARED: September 3, Britain and France declared war on Germany. WAR DECLARED: September 3, Britain and France declared war on Germany. Major fighting in Poland was over in 3 weeks. Major fighting in Poland was over in 3 weeks.

Invasion of the Baltic States The Soviet Union also invaded Poland from the east, seizing what was left of Poland. The Soviet Union also invaded Poland from the east, seizing what was left of Poland. After occupying eastern Poland, Stalin began annexing the Baltic States of Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania (The area taken away from the Soviets in the Treaty of Versailles). After occupying eastern Poland, Stalin began annexing the Baltic States of Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania (The area taken away from the Soviets in the Treaty of Versailles). In late 1939, Stalin sent the Soviet army into Finland. In late 1939, Stalin sent the Soviet army into Finland. After 3 months of fighting the Finns surrendered. After 3 months of fighting the Finns surrendered.

Other Major Invasions April 9, 1940, Hitler launched a surprise invasion of Denmark and Norway. April 9, 1940, Hitler launched a surprise invasion of Denmark and Norway. Hitler planned to use these countries to build bases from which he could easily strike Great Britain. Hitler planned to use these countries to build bases from which he could easily strike Great Britain. Hitler next invaded the Netherlands, Belgium, and Luxembourg, all of which were overrun and in German control by the end of May, Hitler next invaded the Netherlands, Belgium, and Luxembourg, all of which were overrun and in German control by the end of May, 1940.

The Fall of France This German offensive in France trapped almost 400,000 British and French soldiers along the beaches of France. This German offensive in France trapped almost 400,000 British and French soldiers along the beaches of France. Within a week nearly 330,000 British, French, and Belgian troops were evacuated to Britain. Within a week nearly 330,000 British, French, and Belgian troops were evacuated to Britain. Italy invaded France from the South as the Germans closed in on Paris from the north. Italy invaded France from the South as the Germans closed in on Paris from the north. June 22, 1940 France surrendered. June 22, 1940 France surrendered. Germany occupied northern France, setting up a Nazi-controlled government. Germany occupied northern France, setting up a Nazi-controlled government.

The Battle of Britain Germany launched an air war on Britain in the summer of Germany launched an air war on Britain in the summer of Luftwaffe began making bombing runs over Britain. Luftwaffe began making bombing runs over Britain. Every night for two months roughly 2,000 German planes bombed London, and the rest of Britain. Every night for two months roughly 2,000 German planes bombed London, and the rest of Britain. New technology (the radar) helped Britain plot the flight paths of German planes and prevent a German invasion. New technology (the radar) helped Britain plot the flight paths of German planes and prevent a German invasion. Hitler eventually called off the invasion of Britain indefinitely. Hitler eventually called off the invasion of Britain indefinitely.

10 Minute Writing Bell Quiz What position/policy/actions did the allies take against Hitler prior to the invasion of Poland? What position/policy/actions did the allies take against Hitler prior to the invasion of Poland? Does the current U.S. foreign policy have anything to do with the lessons learned from WWII? Explain. Does the current U.S. foreign policy have anything to do with the lessons learned from WWII? Explain.

Review What rationale did Hitler give for explaining German expansion? What rationale did Hitler give for explaining German expansion? How did the allies respond to Hitler’s actions? How did the allies respond to Hitler’s actions? Why did the U.S. try to stay neutral? Why did the U.S. try to stay neutral? Does appeasement work? Explain yourself. Does appeasement work? Explain yourself.