Italian and European Institutions Classe 3C Liceo Scientifico “Albert Einstein” Cervignano del Friuli (UD) Group Group : Virgolin Teacher: Marilena Beltramini

Institutions The Italian Constitutional Court and the European Court of Justice The Italian Constitutional Court and the European Court of Justice The Italian Government and the European Commission The Italian Government and the European Commission The Italian Parliament, the European Parliament and the Council of the European Union The Italian Parliament, the European Parliament and the Council of the European Union CREDITS

The Constitutional Court Sited in the Palazzo della Consulta Composition: 15 members (for 9 years) (over 20 years) Supreme Institution of the Italian Republic No institution can invalidate a constitutional decision The Court can invalidate laws even if they’re already into force The Constitutional Court has to conform to the Italian Constitution TASKS  To judge about the regularity of laws and acts controversies  To judge power conflicts between the State and the Regions  To judge accusations to the President of the Republic 1/3 Elected by the President of the Republic 1/3 Elected by the Parliament 1/3 Elected by ordinary and administrative supreme magistrates

The European Court of Justice Legal System CALLED THROUGH Direct petitions The preliminary ruling procedure Composition: 8 general advocates 25 judges (for 6 years) TASKS  Power of jurisdiction  Make sure that Community law is upheld  Rule on legal disputes between: - Member States, - EU and Member States, - EU institutions and authorities - individual citizens and EU Court of First Instance It collaborates with The President of the Court is appointed by the 25 judges (for 3 years)

Comparison COMPOSITION The European Court of Justice is composed of 25 judges and 8 general lawyers who hold their office for 6 years. The President of the court is elected by the judges and the lawyers. His office lasts for 3 years. The Constitutional Court is made up of 15 judges (1/3 elected by Parliament, 1/3 by the President of the Republic and 1/3 by highest ordinary and administrative magistrates). They keep their office for 9 years and must have gained over 20 years of experience in their job.

Comparison TASKS The European Court of Justice Checking respect of Community law Power of jurisdiction Ruling on legal disputes between Member States, EU/Member States, EU/institutions and authorities, individual citizens/EU The Italian Constitutional Court Judging over controversies Judging power disputes between the State and the Regions Judging accusations to the President of the Republic

Comparison Summing up As we can see there are some differences in the composition of the institutions, but after all they also show similarities. They both exercise the juridical power and are both supreme institutions having the task to judge others and subject to the rules of Member States constitutions. In addition the Constitutional Court has the role of judging eventual accusations to the President of the Republic.

The Italian Government Sited in Palazzo Chigi Constitutional Institution Composition: (for 5 years or less) Made up of many bureaus TASKS  Executive function  To issue decrees that have a law strength.  Represent Italy on international stages  First Ministers  Second Ministers  Ministries  Undersecretaries  Ministers whithin or whithout purse “Ministers have to swear in the hands of the President of the Republic. After that, they have to obtain the trust of the Parliament”

The European Commission Administrative body of the EU Composition The President of the Commission Commissioners (for 5 years) The President is designed by Member States Governments, and approved by the EU Parliament Commissioners are important political persons proposed by their Member States. TASKS Control the European Integration  Proposes legislation to Parliament and the Council  Executive implementation of EU policies  Supervises that directives are upheld and implemented  Responsible for the general financial management of the EU  Represents the European Union on international stages

Comparison COMPOSITION The Italian Government is made up of Ministers, Second Ministers and Undersecretaries. They are may hold their office for 5 years. The European Commission is made up of 25 commissioners and the President. Commissioners hold their office for five years and they are proposed by Member States.

Comparison TASKS The Italian Government Executive function Emanating decrees Representing Italy on international level The European Commission Executive function Managing and implementing common european polices Managing the budget Representing the European Union on international stages Reinfocing the laws of EU

Comparison Summing up The Commission and the Italian Government have both the executive power, and similar subtasks. Both institutions have got a President, that must be approved by the Parliament. In our opinion the main difference is that Commissioners are chosen by the Member States while Italian Ministers are not chosen by regions, but summoned as a consequence of the parliamentary majority won in the elections. A further difference is that the Commission supervises the financial management of the EU while in Italy it is the Parliament does not do it.

Lower House Upper House Universal Suffrage Composition: 315 members (for 5 years) (over 40) Composition: 630 members (for 5 years) (over 25) TASKS  Legislative function  Function of constitutional review  Function of control and address  Function of inquiry Draft Bills:. People (50000 signatures). Parliament. Government. Other Organizations Palazzo Montecitorio Bicameral legislature The Chamber of Deputies The Senate The Italian Parliament Palazzo Madama

The European Parliament Sited in Strasbourg or Bruxelles Composition: 732 Deputies (for 5 years) (over 18-25) Universal Suffrage Elected by all the citizens of the EU TASKS  Legislative function  Democratic supervision  Purse power Proposals:. Commissions. Political Groups. Consultation. Cooperation procedure. Conformity opinion. Co-decision procedure

The Council of the European Union LEGISLATURE central decision-making body Composition: (for 6 months) Member Sates ministers with different professional capacities QMV Vote System Committee of Permanent Representatives General Secretary Collaborate with: Prepares Council Work Support to Council Work TASKS - Coordinate the broad economic policies of the Member States - Legislative power on a wide range of EU issues - Authorise, oversee and conclude international agreements - Budgetary authority - Take decisions relating to the framing and implementations of the common foreign and security policy - Coordinate the activities of the Member States and adopt measures in the field of police and judicial cooperation

Comparison COMPOSITION The Italian Parliament is made up of the Chamber of Deputies (Lower House) and the Senate (Upper House). The Lower House is made up of 630 members who must be over 18.The Upper House is composed of 315 members who must be over 40. There are 732 deputies in the European Parliament, they are in charge for 5 years and their minimum age differs from nation to nation (from 18 to 25). The Council of the EU is made up of the ministers of the Member States having different competences. They hold their office for 6 months.

Comparison TASKS The Italian Parliament Legislative function Constitutional reviewing Controlling and addressing Function of Inquiry The European Parliament Legislative function Democratic supervision Purse power The Council of EU Coordinating broad economy Legislative power (limited on a wide range of EU issues) Authorizing and concluding oversea and international agreements Budgetary authority Making decisions about foreign and security policy Coordinating the activities of Member States and adopting measures in the field of police and judicial cooperation

Comparison Summing Up The main point in common between all the institutions is the legislative function. Institutions are different as for composition (the Council has a different composition and election system, the Italian Parliament is a bicameral legislature, while the European Parliament has got an only chamber). The Council’s work focusses on Member States’ interaction, the European Parliament works to ensure a democratic and an institutional supervision. In some points they cooperate: for example in the business field.

Credits - Aschettino Alessandro - Campana Andrea - Virgolin Marco (the King) - Vrizzi Manuel We thank you for your “attention” (?).