Name the Constitutional Amendment Vocab Landmark Supreme Court Cases Protecting Civil Rights More Supreme Court Cases

Congress shall make no law abridging the freedom of Speech, Press, Religion, Petition, and Assembly

Answer – 100 First Amendment

Protects against unreasonable searches and seizures without warrants

Answer – 200 Fourth Amendment

The right of U.S. citizens to vote regardless of sex

Answer – 300 Nineteenth Amendment

Ratified three years after the Civil War: Defines citizenship; establishes equal protection and due process of law

Answer – 400 Fourteenth Amendment

Ratified in 1964: Abolished poll taxes (but only for Presidential, Vice Presidential, and Congressional elections)

Answer – 500 Twenty-Fourth Amendment

Nonverbal actions meant to convey a political message, such as burning the U.S. flag or wearing armbands to protest war

Answer – 100 Symbolic Speech

Racial segregation that occurs because of past social and economic conditions or residential patterns

Answer – 200 De Facto Segregation

Stopping an action before it has actually occurred, like publishing the Pentagon Papers

Answer – 300 Prior Restraint

This test, developed in the verdict of Schenk v. U.S., is performed to declare whether or not speech should be limited

Answer – 400 Clear and Present Danger Test

Personal freedoms protected for all individuals

Answer – 500 Civil Liberties

Through the Fourteenth Amendment, the verdict of this Supreme Court case required states to provide counsel to anyone charged with a felony

Answer – 100 Gideon v. Wainwright

This Supreme Court case deemed public school prayer unconstitutional

Answer – 200 Engle v. Vitale

First Supreme Court case to imply and protect the right to privacy, including a right to family planning

Answer – 300 Griswold v. Connecticut

Supreme Court case that upheld the ordering of Japanese Americans into internment camps during World War II regardless of citizenship

Answer – 400 Korematsu v. U.S.

1961 Supreme Court case that established the precedent for Fourth Amendment rights: illegally seized evidence can not be used during local, state, or federal trials

Answer – 500 Mapp v. Ohio

Though met with resistance in the South, it overturned the Plessy v. Ferguson with “all deliberate speed.”

Answer – 100 Brown v. Board of Education

This act, passed by Congress, banned discrimination in employment and public facilities. It also allowed the government to withhold federal funds from states and local areas not in compliance

Answer – 200 Civil Rights Act of 1964

Federal agency established to enforce laws against job discrimination

Answer – 300 Equal Employment Opportunity Commission

This act, passed by Congress, not only outlawed literacy and other discriminatory tests but allowed federal officials to register new voters

Answer – 400 Voting Rights Act of 1965

In this 2003 case, the Supreme Court overturned a previous verdict and ruled that states cannot intrude on the personal and private life of an individual

Answer – 500 Lawrence v. Texas

This Supreme Court implies a “right to privacy” that protects a woman’s freedom to choose abortion or not during the first three months of pregnancy

Answer – 100 Roe v. Wade

Responses may be used in a court of law: this Supreme Court case ruling requires law enforcement officials to advise a suspect of his/her constitutional rights

Answer – 200 Miranda v. Arizona

Supreme Court case that deemed flag desecration as constitutional

Answer – 300 Texas v. Johnson

This Supreme Court case upheld affirmative action but declared specific racial quotas unconstitutional

Answer – 400 University of California v. Bakke

In this 1833 case, the Supreme Court ruled that the Bill of Rights did not apply to state or local laws

Answer – 500 Barron v. Baltimore