New Beginnings Chapter 15

What will we be discussing in Chapter 15? Renaissance Reformation Trade Routes Colonization

So who are these guys and what do they have to do with this time period?

KWL What do you KNOW about this period? What do you WONDER about this period?

The Renaissance Chapter 15 Section 1

Read Together Page 430 “You are There” What does this really look like? Lab8J1w Lab8J1w

The Awakening Started in Italian city- states ◦ Florence, Milan and Venice Each were important in trade and commerce ◦ Buying and selling of large quantities of goods Flourished in wealth and intellect

Renaissance ◦ Intellectual and economic movement ◦ Revived interest in the art, social, scientific and political ideas of ancient Greece and Rome ◦ Appreciation of “antiquities” ◦ Renaissance means rebirth

Petrarch ◦ Poet and scholar ◦ Influenced early Renaissance ◦ Encouraged people to study philosophy, literature and the past ◦ “The style is the man” = Renaissance Man

Renaissance spreads ◦ As people and towns became more prosperous ◦ Fine clothing, large homes, display art ◦ 1400s = Italy ◦ 1600s = rest of Europe

Art in the Renaissance Why Italy? ◦ Ancient ruins (Rome) ◦ Trade made them wealthy ◦ Catholic Church was prominent ◦ Wanted to hire artists to make their churches beautiful

Art was realistic ◦ Portrayed people and nature as they really were ◦ Inspired by Greek and Roman ◦ Perspective was important ◦ Depth

Compare the Art Middle Ages ArtRenaissance Art

Italian Artists ◦ Raphael, Michelangelo, Leonardo da Vinci ◦ Raphael = pictures of Jesus and his mother

le/sistina_vr/index.html le/sistina_vr/index.html ◦ Michelangelo – sculptor and painter  Sistine Chapel

◦ Leonardo da Vinci – painter, sculptor, engineer and scientist  Mona Lisa and Last Supper were most famous  Study optics and human body, thought of aircrafts

Revolution in Science People should use reasoned thought and scientific method ◦ Copernicus and Galileo Copernicus – Poland – Earth was not the center of the universe Galileo – Italy – improved telescope, but challenged the Church

Renaissance Inventions Printing Press by Johannes Gutenberg ◦ Used moveable type ◦ Made books more available (had to be made by hand before) ◦ People became more literate and commerce also began

Leonardo da Vinci’s scientific inventions ◦ Many were too advanced and not made Mainspring Clocks ◦ Clocks could be portable Single lens microscope Optical telescope Air thermometer

The Need for Church Reform Corruption in the Church ◦ Had a lot of money in the Middle Ages ◦ Accepted money for indulgences – pardon for punishments of sins – instead of doing charity or repentance

Martin Luther ◦ Catholic monk who didn’t like the way the Church was being run ◦ Only thought Christians should be judged by their belief in God ◦ Attacked indulgences and interpreted Bible different ◦ Nailed 95 Theses to door

Church excommunicated Luther ◦ Some people began to agree with Luther ◦ Followers called “Lutherans” Other groups of non- Catholic Christians popped up starting the Reformation People wanting to reform the Church Protestantism – movement protesting the Church

Aside: What do Lutherans believe? Luther’s Teaching ◦ Salvation could be achieved through faith alone ◦ No goods needed to be done ◦ Bible was the source of religious truth ◦ Rejected 5 sacraments, banned indulgences ◦ Clergy could marry ◦ Body and Bread are symbol of Christ

Council of Trent in 1545 ◦ Worked against the Reformation, called the Counter- Reformation ◦ Catholic Church did ban indulgences

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