Bringing Green Revolution in Eastern Region Department of Agriculture Government of Bihar

The first green revolution was limited to only five crops and main focus was on wheat. Punjab, Haryana and western Uttar Pradesh was benefitted more. There is a large gap in the yield of various crops among the states. To fulfill the yield gap:- Extending green revolution programme is included in Bihar, Eastern U.P, Jharkhand, Chhattisgarh, Orissa and west Bengal.

Contribution of Agriculture in Bihar :- Gross Domestic Product (GDP) is 33 per cent, while at the national level, agriculture contributes 18 per cent The Gross sown area in the state: lakh ha. Net sown area: lakh ha. Cropping intensity:- 138 %. The principal crops:-paddy, wheat, pulses, maize, potato, oilseeds and Sugarcane. Major Crops:-Rice, wheat and maize Allocation by Govt. of India :- Rs Lakh for Extending Green Revolution under sub plan of R.K.V.Y during for Bihar.

Districts under each Agro-Climatic Zone

Physiographic features of the Agro-climatic Zone

AGRO CLIMATIC ZONES ZONE - I ZONE - II ZONE - III(A) ZONE - III(B)

Present Status of the selected crops Name of the crop Area (Lakh Ha.) Productivity (Qtls./Ha) Production (Lakh M.T.) Kharif Rice Boro & summer Rice Total Rice Wheat Kharif Maize Rabi Maize Summer Maize Total Maize Total Pulses

Objectives of the Project To enhance the Productivity of Rice, Wheat, Maize and Pulse crops To improve soil health with the use of Bio fertilizers and micro-nutrients. To increase the area of Arhar and lentil as inter crop To enhance water use efficiency by application of sprinkler and drip irrigation. Mechanization of the Agriculture farms. Reclamation of problematic soils by pyrites/ phospho gypsum. Farmers training for improved technology in farming practices

Steps needed to achieve the desired level of productivity Improve infrastructure such as a)irrigation facilities b)supply of quality seed c)balanced use of fertilizers d)adequate farm machinery e)farmer friendly extension service and f)marketing facilities to the farmers.

Cropping Pattern  Cropping pattern is dominated by cereals- Rice-wheat  Cereals occupies more than 70% of the gross cropped area.  Pulses occupy around 7 % of the gross cropped area. The important cropping sequence of different zones is: Zone – I:Rice – Wheat, Rice – Rai, Rice – Sweet Potato, Rice – Maize (Rabi), Maize – Wheat, Maize – Sweet Potato, Maize – Rai, Rice – Lentil, Rice- linseed Zone – II: Jute – Wheat, Jute – Potato, Jute – Kalai, Jute Mustard, Rice – Wheat – Moong, Rice – Toria Zone – III:Rice – Wheat, Rice – Gram, Rice – Lentil, Rice – Rai

Natural Calamity- A curse of Bihar Agriculture in the state is prone to natural calamity. 1. North Bihar districts are affected by the recurrent flood. 2. South Bihar districts are prone to lack of rainfall. Still Bihar is in Progress The coverage under rice, wheat, maize and oilseeds is increased by 9.6, 6.7, 2.0 and 1 per cent respectively in from , The area under total pulses decrease to about 10 per cent (Graph 1 ). The productivity trend shows a positive slope over the same period (Graph 2).

Funding of the Project

Strategy for Rice : Average productivity is about 1.6 tonne/ha. The major constraints in production are:- Flash floods and submergence, drought in uplands, zinc deficiency and bacterial blight. Appropriate technological interventions and strategies are:- Cultivation of short duration and drought tolerant varieties. Propagation of HYV and Hybrid varieties Cultivation of bacterial blight resistant varieties Application of zinc sulphate in zinc-deficient areas. Propagation of SRI Technology. Propagation of Boro rice Replacement of long duration varieties with short and medium

ComponentPhysical targetFinancial target (Lakh Rupees) Demonstration SRI (Hybrid Rice)8463 No PPC (Hybrid Rice)8463 No Distribution of Seed Hybrid Rice M.T HYV Rice734.2 M.T Capacity Building Exposure visit534 No Training8462 No Participation in Kisan Mela3000 No Micro Nutrient Distribution91386 Ha Contingency28.99 Total

ComponentPhysical target Financial target (Lakh Rupees) Demonstration1810 no.181 Distribution of Seed1810 qtls.9.05 Farmers/ Officers Training 14 no.1.40 P.P. Equipment3450 no Weedicide & P.P. Chemicals 6900 ha Contingency7.00 Total301.95

ComponentPhysical target Financial target (Lakh Rupees) Demonstration105 No Distribution of Seed525 qt.2.63 Farmers/ Officers Training 27 No.2.70 P.P. Equipment2300 No Weedicide & P.P. Chemicals 4200 Ha Contingency4.50 Total87.33

Strategy for Wheat Bihar is potentially an important wheat growing state and the productivity is 2.3 tonnes/ha. The major constraints in production are:- low seed replacement rates, late sowing, low farm mechanization and foliar blight disease. Suitable technological interventions are:- Timely sowing and harvesting Replacement with short and medium duration varieties Site specific nutrient management. Mechanization (Combine Harvesting & Zero Tillage Sowing FIRBS and laser land levelling). Growing salinity/alkalinity tolerant varieties Use of improved varieties

Strategy for Wheat Production ComponentPhysical target Financial target (Lakh Rupees) Demonstration (SWI Tech.)16924 No Distribution of Seed30000 Qt Micronutrient Distribution59000 Ha Pump set Distribution8462 No Contingency19.00 Total

Strategy for Maize Average productivity is 6 tonnes/ha, with levels up to 8 tonnes/ha also recorded in farmer’s fields. Potential to achieve 12 tonnes/ha. Interventions for enhancing productivity are: Seed production of QPM hybrids within the state Cultivation of QPM hybrids Winter maize as a better alternative to wheat under rice-wheat system due to rising temperature Intercropping with potato, pea (for green pod) and vegetables in winter maize for additional income Promotion of maize based processing industry (animal feed, corn oil, starch, ethanol etc). In diara area promotion of maize

ComponentPhysical target Financial target (Lakh Rupees) Demonstration1200 no Distribution of Seed2400 qtls Farmers Training120 no Officer's Training41 no.6.56 IMP/FFS Training120 no Irrigation Pipe1070 no P.P. Equipment2500 no Micronutrient Distribution2500 ha Bio-Incentive2500 ha Weedicide/P.P. Chemical3750 no Contingency16.00 Total423.33

Strategy for Pulses Productivity in the state is greater than All-India. Strategies to further enhance its productivity. Large rice fallow areas can be brought under Urad, Moong and other pulses. Popularization of High yielding varieties supported by strong seed programme Rehabilitation of gram in Agro-climatic Zone-I after harvest of medium and late rice Promotion of seed treatment and Use of bio-fertilizer. Improvement in farm drainage to mitigate problem of water logging Tal area promoted as efficient pulses cultivation of gram and lentil as sole crops as well as intercrop with wheat.

ComponentPhysical target Financial target (Lakh Rupees) Demonstration6820 acre Distribution of Seed3410 qtls Sprinkler Set3410 Acre Rhizobium Culture3410 Packet1.71 P.P. Equipment6820 No P.P. Chemical1705 ha.8.53 Total699.05

Intercropping Intercropping of Arhar and maize:- The area under Arhar is shrinking due to long duration crop. This crop is quit suitable for intercropping with maize to enhance the production of Arhar in the State. Maize will be a bonus crop in this scheme for the benefit of farmers.

Intercropping of Arhar and maize ComponentPhysical target Financial target (Lakh Rupees) Demonstration2540 ha Distribution of Maize Seed300 qtls.3.60 Distribution of Arhar Seed475 qtls.5.70 Distribution of Rhizobium4750 No.1.19 P.P. Equipment3400 No P.P. Chemical/Bio-incentive3100 qtls Total246.39

Intercropping Sugarcane with Pulses, Coriander and Potato: to 2.8 lakh ha. Area is under sugarcane. There is a great scope of intercropping in this region.

Intercropping Sugarcane with Pulses, Coriander and Potato ComponentPhysical target (qtls.) Financial target (Lakh Rupees) Distribution of Seed Lentil Rajmah Black Gram Coriander Potato Green Gram Total391.00

Integrated Nutrient Management Bio-fertilizers i.e. Blue- Green algae & azolla, azotobacter, PSB, VAM, green manuring etc. may be promoted among the farmers. Distribution of micronutrients To replenish the deficiency of soil micronutrients namely Zinc, boron etc. is proposed to be given to the farmers. Application of Gypsum/Pyrites Rajendra Agriculture University, Pusa has identified areas having soil with alkaline reaction. Farmers of the districts will be incentivised to use gypsum and pyrites to correct the soil reaction and physical condition

Reclamation of Acidic and sodic soil ComponentPhysical target (hac.) Financial target (Lakh Rupees) Acidic Soil Reclamation Sodic Soil Reclamation Total662.18

Expected outcome after the implementation of the project