WASTEWATER – Exploring the options Module 5 of the SWITCH Training kit

Project outline, Management and Organisation Page 2 The SWITCH Training Kit WASTEWATER – Exploring the options

Project outline, Management and Organisation Page 3 Contents Chapter 1 – The need for sustainable wastewater management Chapter 2 – Wastewater in the city Chapter 3 – Wastewater and sustainability Chapter 4 – Putting integrated wastewater management into practice Chapter 5 – Options for sustainable wastewater management WASTEWATER – Exploring the options

Project outline, Management and Organisation Page 4 Chapter 1 – The need for sustainable wastewater management WASTEWATER – Exploring the options Chapter 1 – The need for sustainable wastewater management

Project outline, Management and Organisation Page 5 Domestic wastewater streams WASTEWATER – Exploring the options Chapter 1 – The need for sustainable wastewater management Image: Wageningen University

Project outline, Management and Organisation Page 6 Contents of wastewater elements WASTEWATER – Exploring the options Chapter 1 – The need for sustainable wastewater management Image: Wageningen University

Project outline, Management and Organisation Page 7 WASTEWATER – Exploring the options Chapter 1 – The need for sustainable wastewater management The conventional approach to wastewater management

Project outline, Management and Organisation Page 8 Issues arising from conventional wastewater management Dilution of flows High water use Pollution risk Cost High energy demand Waste of a valuable resource Nutrient overload Lack of flexibility Inappropriate for local conditions WASTEWATER – Exploring the options Chapter 1 – The need for sustainable wastewater management

Project outline, Management and Organisation Page 9 Future issues facing the conventional approach WASTEWATER – Exploring the options Chapter 1 – The need for sustainable wastewater management Urbanisation Deterioration of infrastructure Future energy costs Climate change Stricter environmental legislation Population growth

Project outline, Management and Organisation Page 10 Linear versus cyclical wastewater management WASTEWATER – Exploring the options Chapter 1 – The need for sustainable wastewater management

Project outline, Management and Organisation Page 11 A more integrated approach… WASTEWATER – Exploring the options Chapter 1 – The need for sustainable wastewater management

Project outline, Management and Organisation Page 12 Benefits of taking a more integrated approach Increased access to sanitation Water savings Flexibility to population growth Recycling of plant nutrients Financial savings Employment generation Energy recovery More efficient treatment Urban biodiversity and amenity WASTEWATER – Exploring the options Chapter 1 – The need for sustainable wastewater management

Project outline, Management and Organisation Page 13 Chapter 2 – Wastewater in the city WASTEWATER – Exploring the options Chapter 2 – Wastewater in the city

Project outline, Management and Organisation Page 14 Linkages within the urban water cycle WASTEWATER – Exploring the options Chapter 2 – Wastewater in the city

Project outline, Management and Organisation Page 15 Linkages between wastewater and other urban management sectors WASTEWATER – Exploring the options Chapter 2 – Wastewater in the city Urban agriculture Housing Parks and recreation Energy Health and poverty alleviation Education Environmental management

Project outline, Management and Organisation Page 16 Wastewater management and urban agriculture WASTEWATER – Exploring the options Chapter 2 – Wastewater in the city Image: René van Veenhuizen

Project outline, Management and Organisation Page 17 Wastewater management and the natural environment WASTEWATER – Exploring the options Chapter 2 – Wastewater in the city Image: Wageningen University

Project outline, Management and Organisation Page 18 Chapter 3 – Wastewater and sustainability WASTEWATER – Exploring the options Chapter 3 – Wastewater and sustainability

Project outline, Management and Organisation Page 19 Chapter 4 – Putting integrated wastewater management into practice Image:Ralph Philip WASTEWATER – Exploring the options Chapter 4 – Putting integrated wastewater management into practice Image: Prit Salian

Project outline, Management and Organisation Page 20 Opportunities to start implementing more sustainable wastewater management New developments Sludge management Incremental improvements Alternative solutions Market creation WASTEWATER – Exploring the options Chapter 4 – Putting integrated wastewater management into practice

Project outline, Management and Organisation Page 21 Barriers to integrated wastewater management WASTEWATER – Exploring the options Chapter 4 – Putting integrated wastewater management into practice Public acceptance Legal restrictions Institutional aspects Political motivation Technical norms Land rights Perceived risk

Project outline, Management and Organisation Page 22 Ways to overcome these barriers Stakeholder engagement Institutional coordination Demonstration projects Awareness raising Creating incentives Political support WASTEWATER – Exploring the options Chapter 4 – Putting integrated wastewater management into practice

Project outline, Management and Organisation Page 23 Chapter 5 – Options for sustainable wastewater management WASTEWATER – Exploring the options Chapter 5 – Options for sustainable wastewater management

Project outline, Management and Organisation Page 24 Option: Urine diversion toilets – how they work WASTEWATER – Exploring the options Chapter 5 – Options for sustainable wastewater management

Project outline, Management and Organisation Page 25 Option: Urine diversion toilets – positive influences WASTEWATER – Exploring the options Chapter 5 – Options for sustainable wastewater management

Project outline, Management and Organisation Page 26 Option: Soil Aquifer Treatment (SAT) – how it works WASTEWATER – Exploring the options Chapter 5 – Options for sustainable wastewater management Image: Mekorot National Water Company

Project outline, Management and Organisation Page 27 Option: Soil Aquifer Treatment (SAT) – positive influences WASTEWATER – Exploring the options Chapter 5 – Options for sustainable wastewater management

Project outline, Management and Organisation Page 28 Option: Constructed wetlands – how they work WASTEWATER – Exploring the options Chapter 5 – Options for sustainable wastewater management

Project outline, Management and Organisation Page 29 Option: Constructed wetlands – positive influences WASTEWATER – Exploring the options Chapter 5 – Options for sustainable wastewater management

Project outline, Management and Organisation Page 30 Option: Waste Stabilisation Ponds (WSP) – how they work WASTEWATER – Exploring the options Chapter 5 – Options for sustainable wastewater management

Project outline, Management and Organisation Page 31 Option: Waste Stabilisation Ponds (WSP) – positive influences WASTEWATER – Exploring the options Chapter 5 – Options for sustainable wastewater management

Project outline, Management and Organisation Page 32 Option: Biogas production – how it works WASTEWATER – Exploring the options Chapter 5 – Options for sustainable wastewater management

Project outline, Management and Organisation Page 33 Option: Biogas production – positive influences WASTEWATER – Exploring the options Chapter 5 – Options for sustainable wastewater management

Project outline, Management and Organisation Page 34 Option: Sludge reuse – how it works Images: slamspridning_Cirkulation WASTEWATER – Exploring the options Chapter 5 – Options for sustainable wastewater management

Project outline, Management and Organisation Page 35 Option: Sludge reuse – positive influences WASTEWATER – Exploring the options Chapter 5 – Options for sustainable wastewater management

Project outline, Management and Organisation Page 36 Option: Greywater reuse – how it works Images: J. Wardale WASTEWATER – Exploring the options Chapter 5 – Options for sustainable wastewater management

Project outline, Management and Organisation Page 37 Option: Greywater reuse – positive influences WASTEWATER – Exploring the options Chapter 5 – Options for sustainable wastewater management

Project outline, Management and Organisation Page 38 Selecting options WASTEWATER – Exploring the options Chapter 5 – Options for sustainable wastewater management Consider all aspects of sustainability Assess: o cost o social implications o unwanted side effects o environmental implications Concessions are inevitable Decision-support tools are available

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