Unit Five: Chapter 29 • avid • mediate • dwindle • muted • esteem • nurture • evoke • pacify • legacy • transient Page 160 in textbook.

TEN WORDS IN CONTEXT 1 avid – adjective Choose the meaning closest to that of the boldfaced word. 1 avid – adjective • Suki, an avid reader, enjoys nothing more than a good science-fiction novel. • Artie is such an avid sports fan that he has two televisions tuned to different sporting events so he doesn’t miss any action. Avid means A. likable. B. devoted. C. helpful. Page 160 in textbook. Answer: B The next slide explains the answer.

TEN WORDS IN CONTEXT 1 avid – adjective Choose the meaning closest to that of the boldfaced word. 1 avid – adjective • Suki, an avid reader, enjoys nothing more than a good science-fiction novel. • Artie is such an avid sports fan that he has two televisions tuned to different sporting events so he doesn’t miss any action. Avid means A. likable. B. devoted. C. helpful. Page 160 in textbook. If Suki enjoys nothing more than a good science-fiction novel, she must be a devoted reader. If Artie watches two sporting events at once, he must be a devoted sports fan.

TEN WORDS IN CONTEXT 2 dwindle – verb Choose the meaning closest to that of the boldfaced word. 2 dwindle – verb • As the number of leaves on the tree dwindled, the number on the ground increased. • Chewing nicotine gum helped Doreen’s craving for cigarettes to dwindle. She smoked fewer and fewer cigarettes each day until she quit altogether. Dwindle means A. to make sense. B. to drop suddenly. C. to decrease. Page 160 in textbook. Answer: C The next slide explains the answer.

TEN WORDS IN CONTEXT 2 dwindle – verb Choose the meaning closest to that of the boldfaced word. 2 dwindle – verb • As the number of leaves on the tree dwindled, the number on the ground increased. • Chewing nicotine gum helped Doreen’s craving for cigarettes to dwindle. She smoked fewer and fewer cigarettes each day until she quit altogether. Dwindle means A. to make sense. B. to drop suddenly. C. to decrease. Page 160 in textbook. In the first item, the word increased tells you that the word dwindle means, in contrast, “decrease.” In the second item, if Doreen smoked fewer and fewer cigarettes each day, her craving for cigarettes must have decreased.

TEN WORDS IN CONTEXT 3 esteem – noun Choose the meaning closest to that of the boldfaced word. 3 esteem – noun • When Mr. Bauer retired after coaching basketball for thirty years, his admiring students gave him a gold whistle as a sign of their esteem. • The critics had such esteem for the play that they voted it “Best Drama of the Year.” Esteem means A. concern. B. admiration. C. curiosity. Page 160 in textbook. Answer: B The next slide explains the answer.

TEN WORDS IN CONTEXT 3 esteem – noun Choose the meaning closest to that of the boldfaced word. 3 esteem – noun • When Mr. Bauer retired after coaching basketball for thirty years, his admiring students gave him a gold whistle as a sign of their esteem. • The critics had such esteem for the play that they voted it “Best Drama of the Year.” Esteem means A. concern. B. admiration. C. curiosity. Page 160 in textbook. In the first item, the word admiring tells you that esteem must mean “admiration.” In the second item, if the critics voted the play “Best Drama of the Year,” they must have had admiration for it.

TEN WORDS IN CONTEXT 4 evoke – verb Choose the meaning closest to that of the boldfaced word. 4 evoke – verb • Music can evoke powerful feelings. A sweet violin solo often moves its listeners to tears. • The smells of cider and pumpkin pie evoke thoughts of autumn. Evoke means A. to bring out. B. to shelter. C. to follow. Page 160 in textbook. Answer: A The next slide explains the answer.

TEN WORDS IN CONTEXT 4 evoke – verb Choose the meaning closest to that of the boldfaced word. 4 evoke – verb • Music can evoke powerful feelings. A sweet violin solo often moves its listeners to tears. • The smells of cider and pumpkin pie evoke thoughts of autumn. Evoke means A. to bring out. B. to shelter. C. to follow. Page 160 in textbook. If a violin solo can move listeners to tears, music must bring out powerful feelings. In the second item, the smells of cider and pumpkin pie would bring out thoughts of autumn.

TEN WORDS IN CONTEXT 5 legacy – noun Choose the meaning closest to that of the boldfaced word. 5 legacy – noun • Ana’s great-grandfather, grandmother, and mother were all musicians. She must have inherited their legacy of musical talent because she’s an excellent piano and guitar player. • One of the richest legacies that my mother handed down to me is the love of nature. I’ve inherited her interests in growing flowers and in hiking. Legacy means A. a memory. B. a high hope. C. an inherited gift. Page 160 in textbook. Answer: C The next slide explains the answer.

TEN WORDS IN CONTEXT 5 legacy – noun Choose the meaning closest to that of the boldfaced word. 5 legacy – noun • Ana’s great-grandfather, grandmother, and mother were all musicians. She must have inherited their legacy of musical talent because she’s an excellent piano and guitar player. • One of the richest legacies that my mother handed down to me is the love of nature. I’ve inherited her interests in growing flowers and in hiking. Legacy means A. a memory. B. a high hope. C. an inherited gift. Page 160 in textbook. In both items, the word inherited suggests that legacy means “an inherited gift.”

TEN WORDS IN CONTEXT 6 mediate – verb Choose the meaning closest to that of the boldfaced word. 6 mediate – verb • My father refused to mediate quarrels between my sister and me. He would say, “Settle your own fights.” • Each of the farmers claimed the stream was part of his property. Finally, they agreed to let the town council mediate their conflict. Mediate means A. to avoid. B. to settle. C. to observe. Page 160 in textbook. Answer: B The next slide explains the answer.

TEN WORDS IN CONTEXT 6 mediate – verb Choose the meaning closest to that of the boldfaced word. 6 mediate – verb • My father refused to mediate quarrels between my sister and me. He would say, “Settle your own fights.” • Each of the farmers claimed the stream was part of his property. Finally, they agreed to let the town council mediate their conflict. Mediate means A. to avoid. B. to settle. C. to observe. Page 160 in textbook. In the first item, the word settle tells you the meaning of mediate. In the second item, the farmers agreed to let the town council settle their conflict.

TEN WORDS IN CONTEXT 7 muted – adjective Choose the meaning closest to that of the boldfaced word. 7 muted – adjective • When I put in my earplugs, the yelling from the next apartment becomes muted enough so that it no longer disturbs me. • The artist used muted rather than bright colors, giving the painting a quiet, peaceful tone. Muted means A. soft. B. temporary. C. boring. Page 161 in textbook. Answer: A The next slide explains the answer. A picture painted in a muted colors

TEN WORDS IN CONTEXT 7 muted – adjective Choose the meaning closest to that of the boldfaced word. 7 muted – adjective • When I put in my earplugs, the yelling from the next apartment becomes muted enough so that it no longer disturbs me. • The artist used muted rather than bright colors, giving the painting a quiet, peaceful tone. Muted means A. soft. B. temporary. C. boring. Page 161 in textbook. Earplugs would make the yelling become soft. In the second item, the word bright suggests that muted means, by contrast, “soft.” A picture painted in a muted colors

A bird nurturing her young TEN WORDS IN CONTEXT Choose the meaning closest to that of the boldfaced word. 8 nurture – verb • Although I often forget to water or feed my plants, my sister carefully nurtures her many ferns and violets. • Many animals feed and protect their babies, but female fish, in general, do not nurture their young. The female only lays the eggs, which are guarded by the male until they hatch. Nurture means A. to inspect. B. to seek out. C. to care for. Page 25 in textbook. Answer: C The next slide explains the answer. A bird nurturing her young

A bird nurturing her young TEN WORDS IN CONTEXT Choose the meaning closest to that of the boldfaced word. 8 nurture – verb • Although I often forget to water or feed my plants, my sister carefully nurtures her many ferns and violets. • Many animals feed and protect their babies, but female fish, in general, do not nurture their young. The female only lays the eggs, which are guarded by the male until they hatch. Nurture means A. to inspect. B. to seek out. C. to care for. Page 161 in textbook. To water and feed plants is to care for them. Similarly, in the second item, to feed and protect one’s offspring is to care for one’s young. A bird nurturing her young

TEN WORDS IN CONTEXT 9 pacify – verb Choose the meaning closest to that of the boldfaced word. 9 pacify – verb • When I’m feeling nervous or upset, I often pacify myself with a soothing cup of mint tea. • Not only did I anger Roberta by calling her boyfriend “a creep,” but I failed to pacify her with my note of apology: “I’m sorry I called Mel a creep. It’s not always wise to tell the truth.” Pacify means A. to amuse. B. to encourage. C. to soothe. Page 161 in textbook. Answer: C The next slide explains the answer. A baby pacifier Picture courtesy of DailyClipArt.net

TEN WORDS IN CONTEXT 9 pacify – verb Choose the meaning closest to that of the boldfaced word. 9 pacify – verb • When I’m feeling nervous or upset, I often pacify myself with a soothing cup of mint tea. • Not only did I anger Roberta by calling her boyfriend “a creep,” but I failed to pacify her with my note of apology: “I’m sorry I called Mel a creep. It’s not always wise to tell the truth.” Pacify means A. to amuse. B. to encourage. C. to soothe. Page 161 in textbook. In the first item, the word soothing suggests that pacify means “to soothe.” In the second item, a note of apology would usually be intended to soothe a person one had angered. A baby pacifier Picture courtesy of DailyClipArt.net

TEN WORDS IN CONTEXT 10 transient – adjective Choose the meaning closest to that of the boldfaced word. 10 transient – adjective • The drug’s dangers include both permanent brain damage and transient side effects, such as temporarily blurred vision. • Julia wants a lasting relationship, but Rico seems interested in only a transient one. Transient means A. dull. B. short-lived. C. hard to notice. Page 161 in textbook. Answer: B The next slide explains the answer.

TEN WORDS IN CONTEXT 10 transient – adjective Choose the meaning closest to that of the boldfaced word. 10 transient – adjective • The drug’s dangers include both permanent brain damage and transient side effects, such as temporarily blurred vision. • Julia wants a lasting relationship, but Rico seems interested in only a transient one. Transient means A. dull. B. short-lived. C. hard to notice. Page 161 in textbook. In the first item, the example given (“temporarily blurred vision”) tells you that the blurred vision is a short-lived side effect. In the second item, in contrast with a lasting relationship, Rico wants a short-lived one.