AIDS and Food Security: New Directions Stuart Gillespie International Food Policy Research Institute 14 March, Geneva

HIV and AIDS Food and nutrition insecurity Food and nutrition insecurity

Vulnerability of Livelihood Systems Vulnerable Groups - Orphans, Elderly and Youth Headed Households, Effect on Institutions Community-based, Civil society, Market, State, Global Outcomes Nutrition, Food Security, Education, Community Cohesion, Income Effect on Assets Human, Financial, Social, Natural, Physical, Political Responses Individual, Household, Community Susceptibility HIV Stigma and Discrimination

New Directions Simultaneously: 1.Strengthen household and community: -resistance to HIV and -resilience to AIDS 2.Preserve and enhance livelihood options and strategies -incentives for community mobilisation and development -address real constraints (labor-saving or cash-saving?) 3.Ensure social protection -more than “safety nets” -children affected by HIV and AIDS 4.Build effective governance and capacity

Challenges Beware AIDS exceptionalism –Use an HIV lens, not a filter Think livelihoods, not agriculture Beware “either/or” mentality –ARVs are not the (single) answer Diversity, context-specificity…but need for scale-up Use/adapt tools to move from understanding to responding Evidence-based action (but don’t wait for last 5%!) Learn by doing (action research), by monitoring, evaluating and by communicating Innovate, document and disseminate Balancing quality, speed, and capacity Linking food security with nutrition (nutrition security)

The Regional Network on HIV/AIDS, Rural Livelihoods, and Food Security (RENEWAL) Facilitated by IFPRI, RENEWAL brings together national networks of  researchers,  policymakers,  public & private organizations, and  NGOs to focus on the interactions between HIV/AIDS and food and nutrition security.

Core pillars/processes of RENEWAL Action research Communications Capacity

RENEWAL active in Kenya, Uganda, Malawi, South Africa, Zambia

The Effects of HIV/AIDS on Agricultural Production Systems in Zambia: A Restudy CARE International Zambia International HIV/AIDS Alliance, FAO HIV/AIDS and Community Resilience in Zambia: Understanding the Implications for Food and Nutrition Policies Farming Systems Association of Zambia Ministry of Agriculture Michigan State University IFPRI Washington DC HIV/AIDS, Food and Nutrition Security in South Africa: Understanding and Responding University of Western Cape, South Africa IFPRI, Washington DC Promoting agricultural innovation in AIDS affected rural households in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa Farmer Support Group, KwaZulu-Natal Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam HIV/AIDS, land reform and land-based livelihoods in 3 provinces in South Africa Human Sciences Research Council, South Africa Impact of HIV/AIDS on inter- and intra- generational information flows among smallholder farmers, Malawi Chancellor College, Malawi ICRISAT-Malawi HIV/AIDS, rural livelihoods and depeasantisation in Malawi: finding pathways to social recovery CARE International Malawi Center of Social Research, Malawi University of Leiden, Netherlands Farming Systems and Resilience to HIV/AIDS in Malawi Institute for Policy Research and Analysis for Dialogue, Blantyre, Chancellor College First Phase RENEWAL Studies ( )

Dealing with vulnerability: parents efforts to secure the future of their children (regional) University of Cape Town, University of KwaZulu Natal, IFPRI, Southern Africa Vulnerability Initiative (SAVI) Tuberculosis: An Additional Tipping Stress to Poor Households in South Africa and Zambia Stellenbosch University, S.Africa; University Teaching Hospital, Zambia HIV/AIDS, Food and Nutrition Security and Urban- Rural Linkages in Southern Africa IFPRI, RENEWAL, Southern African Migration Project Impact of a Nutrition Intervention for People Living with HIV in Western Kenya, and its Role in their Support Systems Moi University, AMPATH, IFPRI, Columbia University USA, World Bank HIV/AIDS Mortality and the Role of Woodland Resources in the Maintenance of Household Food Security in Rural Limpopo Province, South Africa. SUNRAE Program; University of Witwatersrand, University of Colorado at Boulder, USA Gender Issues in HIV/AIDS and Food/Nutrition security among Internally Displaced People’s Camps in Uganda Makerere University Land Ownership and Food Security in Uganda: A Study of the Use and Control of Land Among Households of Women Affected by HIV/AIDS in Four Districts Makerere University and National Community of Women Living with HIV/AIDS The Effects on Rural Livelihoods of Increasing Rates of HIV/AIDS-related Illness and Death in Zomba South, Malawi Kennedy School of Government, Harvard University, Bunda College of Agriculture, Zomba Second Phase RENEWAL Studies ( )