Earth Science

Water CycleGlobal Warming Plate Tectonics Rock Cycle

Row 1, Col 1 Term for changing liquid water to water vapor evaporation

1,2 Why is increasing global temperatures bad? Examples include: drought, severe weather, changing ocean currents, ice caps melting, animals dying, etc.

1,3 Name the 3 main types of plate boundaries and which direction each one moves. Convergent (together), divergent (apart), transform (side by side)

1,4 What is the rock cycle? Cycle that changes one type of rock into another

2,1 Term for when water travels across the land runoff

2,2 What causes global warming? Greenhouse gases trapped in our atmosphere

2,3 What type of plate boundary causes earthquakes? Transform – they are on fault lines

2,4 What has to happen to form a metamorphic rock? Rock must undergo intense heat and pressure

3,1 Water evaporating from plants transpiration

3,2 How is the greenhouse effect related to global warming? Sun shines and heats up Earth, some heat is reradiated into space. Some is trapped by greenhouse gases in the atmosphere which heats up the Earth even more.

3,3 Of the three earthquake waves, which one causes the most damage and why? Surface waves, they are running on the surface of the Earth and can take down buildings

3,4 Describe what sedimentary rock is made of and how they are named. Sediments of various sizes, named by size of particles

4,1 What is weathering and what is erosion? Weathering = breaking down, erosion = movement

4,2 Name two ways that CO2 gets into the atmosphere. Power stations and transportation

4,3 What is a subduction zone and where are they seen/found?. When one plate goes under another, the part going under is the subduction zone. It is seen in seafloor spreading and oceanic-land volcanoes.

4,4 What has to happen for an igneous rock to become sedimentary? Weathering and erosion first, then compaction and cementation

5,1 Explain/describe (4) ways water shapes our Earth Answers can include: Rivers, carves pathways, deposits debris in deltas, oxbow lakes, waves shape ocean floor, coastlines, floodplains, flash floods, weathering/erosion

5,2 What effect does global warming have on flora and fauna (plants/trees and animals)? More wildfires mean trees dying and burning, putting more CO2 into the air. Habitats are ruined. Animals lose homes and are dying too.

5,3 How do scientists know that the center of the Earth is solid? Seismic waves -when P and S waves come in ONLY the P wave goes through and then they travel through the inner core, not S.

5,4 Name the two types of igneous rock and why some have embedded crystals. Intrusive – cools slowly so has crystals, extrusive – cools fast, no crystals