BACKGROUND INFORMATION

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Presentation transcript:

BACKGROUND INFORMATION COLD WAR ESSAY BACKGROUND INFORMATION

The Early Cold War: 1947-1970

Brinkmanship The Policy of threatening to go to war as a response to enemy aggression. Put this definition on the back of your map. You want a piece of This?!?

Examples of Brinkmanship and the Cold War Both the USA and the USSR wanted to avoid an all out Nuclear War. Instead of fighting directly, they paid others to fight for them, and then continued a kind of global game of “Chicken”. The following events are examples of when the two sides almost committed to total war, but then pulled back at the last minute and instead did something clever to stay in the game without losing face. The Berlin Blockade and Airlift The Korean War The Cuban Missile Crisis

Berlin Blockade & Airlift 1948-49‏ Russians try to claim West Berlin once and for all by starving them out. Water, power are cut. Ground transport is closed. Americans fly supplies to the people of West Berlin for almost a year. Eventually Russia gives up and opens roads and utility lines again….until next time….

Cold War Map- Berlin Blockade and Airlift Please look at a map and add the Berlin Blockade and Air Lift. Cold War Map- Berlin Blockade and Airlift Choose a symbol to represent the Berlin Blockade and Airlift and put it on the small map of Berlin (not Germany) on your map. In your map key (on the Left), indicate that your symbol represents the Berlin Blockade and Airlift. On the back of this paper explain what the Berlin Blockade and Airlift was. Put the Berlin Blockade and Airlift on the time line in 1948 - 49

Premier Nikita Khrushchev De-Stalinization Program About the capitalist states, it doesn't depend on you whether we (Soviet Union) exist. If you don't like us, don't accept our invitations, and don't invite us to come to see you. Whether you like it our not, history is on our side. We will bury you. -- 1956 De-Stalinization Program

Cuban Missile Crisis (1962)‏ The confrontation began on October 14, 1962, when U.S. reconnaissance photographs taken by an American U-2 spy plane revealed missile bases being built in Cuba, in response to similar U.S. bases built at the Turkish-Soviet border. After a tense confrontation on October 28, 1962, both U.S. President John F. Kennedy and Soviet General Secretary Nikita Khrushchev, with the intercession of U.N. Secretary-General U Thant, agreed to remove their respective nuclear missiles. This is as close as we have ever come to nuclear war.

Cuban Missile Crisis (1962)‏

Cold War Map- Cuban Missile Crisis Choose a symbol to represent the Cuban Missile Crisis and put it on Cuba on your map. In your map key (on the Left), indicate that your symbol represents the Cuban Missile Crisis. On the back of this paper explain what the Cuban Missile Crisis was. Put the Cuban Missile Crisis on the time line in 1962

Mao’s Communist Revolution: 1949 China Becomes Communist in spite of Western intervention

The Korean War: A “Police Action” (1950-1953)‏ If Korea becomes Communist, who else will follow? If all the world becomes Communist, who will America trade with? After WWII Korea was split (along the 38th parallel), just like Berlin and Germany between the US and the USSR. North Korea invaded South Korea to unify their nation with Russian support. Americans (as a Member of the UN) get involved to stop the advancement of Communism. They push the N. Koreans far back into N. Korea. This brings in the Chinese who do not want Capitalist neighbors After countless deaths and destruction, the two sides leave where they started, Communists in the North and Capitalists in the South. The country is still divided along the 38th parallel. China 38th Parallel "Domino Theory"

Propaganda Add Propaganda to the Back of your Cold War Map Propaganda- an advertisement that attempts to spread ideas or promote a cause Cold War Propaganda was mostly about controlling information. Governments only wanted their people to know certain things about what was going on in the war. They also wanted to make sure they had public support, so they tried to guarantee victories for every contest, or at least tried to scare people into wanting to continue the fight.

Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty Maintaining Communism, especially when it wasn’t working well, was all about controlling communications. Soviet citizens wouldn’t rebel to seek a Different life if they didn’t know that life could be different. Radio Free Europe was an attempt to communicate with the people of Russia. It broadcast western music and propaganda to Russia, bearing the message of the West: “Democracy and Capitalism are Better…”

Get out a half sheet of paper (you can share with a friend) and label it Propaganda. As you listen to the song Russians by Sting, think about the message he is trying to give. Is this Propaganda or Anti Propaganda? Explain.