RNP High Speed Networking Infrastructure, Services and Applications as Enablers for e-Science in Brazil Encuentro internacional de e-ciencia y educación apoyadas por redes de tecnología avanzada: Nuevas posibilidades para el desarrollo académico y científico del país Bogotá, September 2008 Marcio Faerman Rede Nacional de Ensino e Pesquisa - RNP

e-Science is About Bringing distant people closer –From far away places –Across diverse disciplines –Helping those who express themselves differently to understand each other Exchanging information – ideas, models Complementing work Building together Cyberinfrastructure as technological response –Integration of processing, storage, communication –Complexity is a major issue –What is the Network role?

RNP – Rede Nacional de Ensino e Pesquisa RNP is the Brazilian NREN –maintained by the Brazilian government (since 1989) to enable network access to the national research and education community –provides national (inter-state) and international R&E connectivity for more than 300 public and private universities and research centers through the provision of advanced networking infrastructure also provides national and international commodity access –promotes the development of advanced networking and applications Since 2000, RNP is managed for the federal government by a non- profit private company, RNP-OS, legally recognised as an “Organização Social”, which allows the government to contract its services without competitive tender.

Rede IPÊ – national backbone network Last major reform in 2005 Capacity reflects available telco infrastructure Currently composed of: Multigigabit core network –4 PoPs at 10 Gbps, and 6 PoPs at 2.5 Gbps –IP over lambdas ( km) Terrestrial SDH connections to 15 PoPs –Most links are 34 Mbps –Some at 2 Mbps –Some upgrades in 2007 and 2008 to 102, 155 Mbps and 1 Gbps 2 PoPs connected by satellite at 4 Mbps

Communitary Metropolitan Networks It is not enough to bring high speed connectivity to each city – it is necessary bring it to the university campus / research lab as well. The metropolitan network is the solution –Infrastructure sharing to support: Campi interconnection of each partner institution Access to RNP national network backbone –This sharing substantially reduces deployment costs –Preferably, the infrastructure will be owned by the partners themselves (reducing operating costs)

Community-based optical metropolitan networks Since 2004, RNP has also concentrated its attention on metropolitan networks, to provide adequate access to the multigigabit IPÊ network –Funding provided by Science and Technology ministry, complemented by contributions from state and city governments and by private R&E participants These metro networks are based on owned dark fiber networks, shared between the R&E institutions served –typically operate at 1 Gbps and permit: interconnection of the campi of the participating institutions access to RNP´s IPÊ network PoP reduction of current costs easy to upgrade (e.g. to 10 Gbps) – just replace the terminal equipment Pilot project: o projeto MetroBel na cidade de Belém do Pará, whose metropolitan area has a population of 2.2 millions –network was inaugurated in May 2007

RNP Networks and Services7 MetroBel 12 institutions with 32 campi each institution has its own pair of fibers (for internal connectivity) 30 km ring (48 fibres) 10 km extension to Ananindeua (36 fibres) 12 km access links (6 fibres) Institution A Institution C Institution B RNPPoP to IPÊ network

Community metro networks nationally By late 2008, RNP expects to have deployed all 27 of these networks, reaching all the metropolitan campi of around 250 R&E institutions countrywide at 1 Gbps In most of these the local governments are participating for internal IT and for connecting schools and hospitals This digital empowerment is expected to have significant consequences for the use of the national and international networks for scientific collaboration

Example: Rio de Janeiro metro network Largest project Collaboration involves: R&E community City government Suburban railway Metro railway Details 123 points 236 km of cabling extensible

10 Rio de Janeiro metro network map POP – Points of Presence (Backbone Central) Total extent: 236 Km Central Backbone: 72 Km Other links: 164 Km Total extent: 236 Km Central Backbone: 72 Km Other links: 164 Km

Infrastructure: Community optical metro networks Redecomep By beginning of 2009 RNP expects to have concluded building out optical metro networks in 27 capital cities Redecomint Extension of optical metro networks to larger non- capital cities, with important federal institutions: São Carlos, Niterói, Petrópolis,... Other (wireless) technologies under study

RNP Networks and Services12 RNP’s external R&E links (until March 2008) via WHREN/LILA –to USA (Atlantic Wave): 2.5 Gbps (with ANSP, RedCLARA) Financed by NSF + FAPESP –Appears on 2005 GLIF map via RedCLARA (ALICE project): –Latin American backbone –to Europe (GÉANT2) 622 Mbps Financed by EU (in part) –Mexico – USA (Pacific Wave): 1 Gbps Financed by NSF

Where are we now? Infrastructure –national backbone –community optical networks (Redecomep, Redecomint) –campus networks User communities –early adopters: physics, astronomy, climate, Earth observation –emerging: health, culture Networking architecture –traditional IP network –emerging end to end circuit provisioning –testbed facilities

Evolution of academic networks in Brazil RNP Phase YearTechnologyLink capacitiesComment 1988BITNET up to 9.6 kbps first national network 11992Internet 9.6 and 64 kbps first national IP network (RNP) up to 2 Mbps also: commercial IP deployed 31999IP/ATM, IP/FR VC up to 45 Mbps, access up to 155 Mbps RNP2 national backbone; testbed metro networks in 14 cities (using ATM/dark fiber) 42003IP/SDH 34, 155, 622 Mbps also: IP/WDM interstate testbed network (Project GIGA) 52005IP/WDM 2.5 and 10 Gbps IPÊ national backbone; metro networks in 27 capitals

Evolution of academic networks in Brazil Phase 0 BITNET Phase 1 Internet Phase 2 comercial Internet Phase 3 RNP2 Phase 4 RNP2+ Phase 5 Ipê (Link capacity)

What will be Phase 6 of RNP? Almost three years have passed since inaugurating the multigigabit core of the IPÊ backbone It is already time to plan the next step – it usually takes 2 to 3 years to implement such a change Very important to track changes in more advanced networks, to see where the world is going Based on recent experience with the growing demand for e-science and other high-bandwidth applications, especially with international partners, we need: –Continued increase in available bandwidth –Increase in international bandwidth Upgrade BR-US link to 10 Gbps in 2008 –Adoption of hybrid (packet + circuit) architecture

Future deployments of Ipê network RNP is seeking a number of alternatives for extending the present 10-state multigigabit core of the Ipê network to the remaining 17 states, including: –commercial relationships with telcos –cooperative agreements with other holders of long-distance fibre assets: oil and electrical energy utilities There are large regions of Brazil where there is either one or zero holders of fibre assets: –Example: the first fibre connection to Manaus (Amazonas state) was only (almost) completed in 2006, by extending a fibre cable for 900 km through the tropical forest. Plans (hopes?) for 2010 are presented on the next slide

Hybrid Network New backbone technology Migrating until 2009 to provide hybrid network technology in the production backbone –Dyamic Circuit Provisioning with IP packet switching –End to end reservation of Bandwidth and Paths on demand –Network becomes a dedicated grid resource, which can be deterministically allocated –Development on GIGA Optical Testbed –Motivation – e-Science applications in Brazil

Hybrid networks in Brazil? The main argument for hybrid networks is cost – they are the cheapest way to deploy really high capacity networks Collaboration with international partners is already limited, because RNP has NOT normally provided support for end-to- end circuits, and has insufficient international bandwidth RNP feels it cannot ignore this tendency, without restricting certain classes of scientific collaboration. The hybrid architecture will be probably not be adopted everywhere at the same time, but will be introduced together with higher bandwidth links

GLIF

GLIF Brazil Participating networks: Ipê (RNP) GIGA KyaTera (FAPESP) New GOLE (lightpath exchange) in São Paulo: SouthernLight

RNP Networks and Services22 New fibre link in 2006

How do we get there?

Big Pushers – Great Motivators Astronomy High Energy Physics Climate Earth Observation Sharing high traffic and quality of service demand Networks to meet fast evolving requirements 24

Hospital São Paulo e Escola Paulista de Medicina - Unifesp, (São Paulo) Hospital das Clínicas - FM USP, (São Paulo) Hospital Universitário de São Paulo/LSITEC - USP (São Paulo) Hospital das Clínicas da Unicamp (Campinas/SP) Instituto Dante Pazzanese de Cardiologia (São Paulo) Hospital Universitário Pedro Ernesto - UERJ (Rio de Janeiro) Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, (Rio de Janeiro) Hospital Universitário Prof. P. E. de São Thiago - UFSC (Florianópolis) Hospital das Clínicas Prof. Arnóbio Marques - UFPE (Recife) Hospital Universitário Walter Cantídio - UFC (Fortaleza) Hospital da Irmandade da Santa Casa de Misericórdia, (Porto Alegre) Hospital Universitário Getúlio Vargas - UFAM (Manaus) Hospital das Clínicas – UFMG, (Belo Horizonte) Hospital Universitário - UFES (Vitória) Hospital Universitário Prof. Alberto Antunes - UFAL (Maceió) Hospital Universitário Prof. Edgar Santos - UFBA (Salvador) Hospital das Clínicas - UFMA (São Luís) Hospital Universitário Lauro Wanderley -UFPB (João Pessoa) Hospital Universitário - UFPR (Curitiba) Institutions participating – January 2006 Institutions participating – January 2006

Plantão Médico de Telecardiologia Minas Telecárdio Project

Microcomputador com multimídia e webcam Eletrocardiógrafo digital de 12 derivações Câmera digital Impressora Estrutura Tecnológica nos Pontos Minas Telecárdio Project

RNP Networks and Services28 R&D for Innovation Project GIGA – optical networking testbed Partnership between –RNP –CPqD (telco industry R&D centre in Campinas, SP) –R&D community in industry and universities Objectives: –build an advanced networking testbed for development and demonstration purposes –support R&D subprojects in optical and IP networking technology and advanced applications and services Industry participation (telcos provide the fibres without cost; technology transfer of products and services to Brazilian Industries and telcos required) Government funding of US$ 20 M (via FUNTTEL/Finep) – project started December 2002 FUNTTEL

RNP Networks and Services29 GIGA testbed network - objectives explore user control of optical fibre infrastructure –interconnect 20 academic R&D centres in S.E. Brazil –use of IP/WDM with Ethernet framing provide Networking Research Testbed for optical and IP network development provide Experimental Infrastructure Network for development and demonstration of applications Network was inaugurated in May 2004 – it was then the highest capacity research network in Brazil Provided expertise for the future Ipê network and the optical metro networks of the Redecomep project

Network and Distributed Applications R&D - The GIGA Project Optical Network Testbed 30 R&D projects Grids, e-Science, VOs Collaboration environments, Communication Protocols Network Management 45 Brazilian Institutions involved 30

RNP Networks and Services31 GIGA testbed network - location Universities IME PUC-Rio PUC-Campinas UERJ UFF UFRJ Mackenzie UNICAMP USP R&D Centers CBPF CPqD CPTEC INCOR CTA FIOCRUZ IMPA INPE LNCC LNLS

R&D for Inovation High Speed Transport WG Diagnostics and Failure Recovery Automation WG e-Learning Infrastructure WG e-Education WG Virtual Community Grid WG Virtual Museum WG Overlay Network WG Public Key Infrastructure for Education Authentication and Authorization Infrastructure MonIpê –End to End Monitoring Service TV Content Exchange between universities 32

Interoperable Network Monitoring Compatible with perfSONAR Collaboration with Internet 2, GEANT and other NRENs Goal is to provide uniform monitoring across multiple domains 33

34 Logistics to fill up network pipe

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Communicating Cyberinfrastructure and e-Collaboration Virtual Community Grid WG (partnership with LNCC) National Public key infrastructure for Education Authentication and Authorization Infrastructure Partnership with National System of High Performance Computing - SINAPAD Program led by LNCC The EELA-2 Project – E-science Grid Facility for Europe and Latin America “Programa de Fomento al Uso de Redes Avanzadas en Latinoamérica para el Desarrollo de la Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación”, OEA/FEMCIDI/CLARA RINGrid Project – Remote Intrumentation Grid HEPGrid, Sprace Brazilian e-Science collaboration 36

37 Brazilian e-Science Collaboration Network: major objectives Promote colaboration in e-Science and provision of Cyberinfrastructure amongst its members; Encourage the expansion of the Collaboration Network; Promote Collaboration Network participation in national and international e-Science projects; Contribute to the discussion and formulation of public policy for the development of e-Science and investment in Cyberinfrastructure.

General Considerations Multiple network domains must be taken into consideration for end to end quality services –Both nationally and internationally –Seamless coordinated inter-operation between academic networks still a challenge –A lot of progress being made lately thanks to big pushers / early adopters Astronomy, High Energy Physics Community, Climate, Earth Observation Integration between network, data repositories, compute, storage resources, applications and users is key –Cross disciplinary engagement Need broad strategical planning for partnerships, collaborations and funding Looking forward to increasing collaboration with Colombia

Muchas Gracias! Marcio Faerman RNP – Red Nacional de Enseñanza e Investigación