1. Internet2 Members Meeting Washington, DC 1 Advanced Networking Infrastructure and Research (ANIR) Aubrey Bush Division Director, ANIR National Science Foundation “Future Directions in Networking”

2. Internet2 Members Meeting Washington, DC 2 Outline  Electrons to Photons: Network Speeds  Electrons to Photons: Network Components  Three Network Model  Cyberinfrastructure  Abilene Research Network  Experimental Networks  Experimental Network Characteristics  Research Network  International Participation

3. Internet2 Members Meeting Washington, DC 3 Photons Bandwidth 1 Kbs 10 Kbs 100 Kbs 1 Mbs 10 Mbs 100 Mbs 1 Gbs 10 Gbs 100 Gbs 1 Tbs 10 Tbs 100 Tbs 1 Pbs Production and or in development Research Electrons Phone Modems DSL T1 T3 OC3 OC48 OC768??? Cable Modems Ethernet Fast Ethernet GigE 10Gig DWDM??? Desktop connections Network capacity Future Desktop Future Network ??? Electrons to Photons: Network Speeds

4. Internet2 Members Meeting Washington, DC 4 Electrons to Photons: Network Components ElectricalOptical Electrical to Optical conversion Circuit switches Packet switches IP Routers ATM, Ethernet, etc SONET Packet over SONET DTM Lambda switching Optical packet switching Optical burst switching MEMS, Holography, etc Today’s TechnologiesTomorrow’s Technologies

5. Internet2 Members Meeting Washington, DC 5 Three Network Model Electrical Optical Electrical to Optical Conversion Circuit switches Packet switches IP Routers ATM, Ethernet, etc SONET Packet over SONET DTM Lambda switching Optical packet switching Optical burst switching MEMS, Holography, etc Abilene NSF Experimental Network NSF Research Network

6. Internet2 Members Meeting Washington, DC 6 Cyberinfrastructure  Recognition of the new requirement of infrastructure to support leading edge science and research  Dependence on technology for future scientific advances  Cyberinfastructure capabilities include  computational power and high speed networks  distributed, ad hoc and embedded sensor networks and arrays  large data repositories  systemic security  large-scale interoperability and collaborative tools  middleware

7. Internet2 Members Meeting Washington, DC 7 Abilene Research Network *  Production Research Network  24x7 support  High speed capacity  53 direct connections  207 participants  Extended service until October 2006  Expanded capacity upgrades in process  moving to OC 192  International connections through STARTAP and MOUs * Steve Corbato, Director - Backbone Network Infrastructure Joint Techs, Tempe Arizona, January 2002

8. Internet2 Members Meeting Washington, DC 8 Experimental Networks  Experimental networks are required to solve many e-Science problems  Experiments will be driven by Grand Challenge Applications  vantage point is the end-user  application performance is the success indicator  International connections required for multi-national e-science projects and programs  Collaboration across disciplines a hallmark  Systemic approaches to solve networking issues

9. Internet2 Members Meeting Washington, DC 9 Experimental Network Characteristics  Quality of Service  Dedicated Provisioning for guaranteed data rates  Support of other network layers such as GMPLS and OBGP  Repeatable network experiments  Reconfigurability  Experimental protocols and approaches for high throughput, low latency, large bursts  End-to-End performance and support NSF CISE Grand Challenges in e-Science Workshop http://www.evl.uic.edu/activity/NSF/index.html

10. Internet2 Members Meeting Washington, DC 10 Research Network Characteristics  Disruptive technologies and approaches  Hybrid and experimental designs  End-device research  Core technology development  New protocol research  Alternative network architectures  Testbed implementations

11. Internet2 Members Meeting Washington, DC 11 International Participation  Coordination of advanced networking research activities and programs, including research production networks  Support of Grand Challenge applications which transcend geographic and national boundaries  Direct connections to the NSF Experimental Networks  multiple projects and connections  some problems can only be resolved by international partnerships  Joint strategic planning efforts for longer term support of e-Science and research