RESPIRATORY SYSTEM By Olivia Derivas, Angelina Lin, Anel Mendoza, and Kate Remzso

Overall function A group of tissues and organs that allows you to breathe Primary function: supply oxygen throughout your body Made of... Airways, lungs, muscles, blood vessels How it works? Breathing through your nose or mouth travels through your voice box, windpipe, bronchial tubes and into the lungs. Most important Some of the air goes through the bronchial tubes to blood vessels If unable to breathe or cannot breathe, your body won’t receive enough oxygen Might be poisoned by carbon dioxide that’s building in your blood

Major Organs of the Respiratory System ● Pharynx (also known as the throat) o Extends from the end of the nasal cavity to the esophagus. o Divided into three regions, the nasopharynx, oropharynx and the laryngopharynx. ● Epiglottis - switches between the trachea and the esophagus to prevent choking from eating or breathing. ● Larynx - Responsible for vocal ability ● Bronchi and bronchioles - Conduct air to the Alveoli of the lungs. ● Lungs - Allows gas exchange with blood passing through the capillaries (gas exchange happens in the Alveoli in the lungs)

COPD ● Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ● Causes inflammation and thickening of airways ● 3rd leading cause of death in US ● Two forms o Chronic Bronchitis o Emphysema

Treatments: ● Lifestyle Changes ● Quit smoking ● Eating healthier Medicines: ● Bronchodilators ● Steroids ● Vaccines ● Oxygen Therapy ● Surgery COPD TREATMENTS

Lung Cancer ● Abnormal cells from a tumor in lungs ● Symptoms hard to spot in early stages ● Causes most cancer deaths worldwide ● Smoking is the #1 cause ● Major symptoms: Coughing, chest pain, lung infections, etc. ● Two types o Small cell o Non-small cell

Radiofrequency Ablation: ● Minimally invasive ● Image guided / heats and destroys cancer cells ● Ultrasound / Computed Tomography Lung Cancer Treatments

Inflammation of bronchial tubes. o Airways tighten o Get inflamed o Fill with mucus Symptoms o Wheezing o Coughing o Chest tightness o Shortness of breath Symptoms may vary from person to person Asthma

No cure Symptoms may be improved Identify triggers o Cigarrete smoke o Allergies Inhalers o Fast-acting o Long-term Asthma Treatments

~Fin