1. The Respiratory System
Caroline Kachmar, Kara Brady, and Adam Zeelens

2. Structure and Function

3. Overview used all the time
complex system, and without it we would not be able to survive
main function is to supply the blood with oxygen so the blood can deliver oxygen to all parts of the body
respiratory system is the exchange of gases between you and your environment.

4. Types of Respiration two types of respiration:
External- the gas exchange between lungs and blood
Internal- the gas exchange between blood and body cells

6. Parts and Function
Nose- part where air can enter the body. Prepares the air for the lungs by clearing out any dirt or dust.
Mouth- air enters the body and travels directly to the lungs
Pharynx- tube like space in the mouth and upper throat that filters out any dirt or dust that the nose did not.
Larynx- where the vocal cords are located, which when air comes out of the lungs, it allows one to speak or sing. The larynx connects the pharynx to the trachea.

7. Parts and Function (continued)
Trachea- windpipe that connects to the bronchial tubes.
Bronchial tubes- branches that lead from the trachea to each lung.
Lungs- fill with air when breathing.

8. Diaphragm
Diaphragm- main muscle used while breathing. It contracts when one inhales and relaxes when one exhales.

9. Relation to the Circulatory System
The respiratory system works with the circulatory system. The circulatory system supplies the body with oxygen and removes carbon dioxide. The circulatory system also transports the blood carrying oxygen to the body cells and picks up carbon dioxide. Their relationship keeps us alive.

10. Relation to the Excretory System
The respiratory system is related to the excretory system because it releases carbon dioxide out of the body through the nose and mouth. Both the respiratory system and the excretory system use the lungs in some way.

11. Relation to the Muscular System
The respiratory system is related to the muscular system because the diaphragm is a muscle, and it allows us to inhale and exhale. Without the muscular system, the respiratory system would not be able to function.

12. Diseases and Disorders

13. Lung Cancer Cancer begins in the cells that line the bronchi tubes
The cells multiply and form in the lungs
The cells eventually form tumors and spread rapidly
One of the most life-threatening cancers

14. Lung Cancer (continued)
Prevention
Don’t smoke
Exercise
Eat healthy
Have your home tested for radon
Treatment
Surgery
Radiation
Chemotherapy

15. Emphysema
The lung tissues needed to support the lung are destroyed and can no longer support the lung
The alveoli disintegrate and make it difficult for air to pass out of the lung
Causes a shortness in breath
Cannot be reversed

16. Emphysema (continued)
Prevention
Don’t smoke
Exercise
Wear a mask when exposed to chemicals
Treatment
Medication
Breathing aids

17. Tuberculosis Bacterial infection
Bacterium attack the lung and then move on to other parts of the body
Highly contagious
Often Deadly

18. Tuberculosis (continued)
Prevention
Maintain a health immune system
Be exposed to fresh air
Treatment
Medication

19. Laryngitis Swelling of the larynx
Vocal cords in the larynx become inflamed and cause irritation
Typically caused from a virus
Your voice will be raspy

20. Laryngitis (continued)
Prevention
Don’t smoke
Drink lots of water
Treatment
Limit using your voice
Pain relievers
Cool-mist humidifier

21. Pleurisy The lining of your chest becomes inflamed
Sharp pains when you cough or breathe
Normally develops as a result of a lung infection such as tuberculosis

22. Pleurisy (continued) Prevention Avoid lung infections Treatment
Antibiotics

23. Sudden Illness/ Emergency/ First Aid

24. Why the respiratory system?
Breathing is vital to survive.
One breaths over 20,000 times a day.
The respiratory system includes your nose, throat, lungs, voice box, and windpipe.
You live because of the respiratory system and its workings with other body systems!
Because the respiratory system is so delicate and lithe, humans contact diseases very easily here.

25. Illnesses: The Common Cough
The cough is the most common symptom of any respiratory ailment.
Coughing allows ones airways to be cleared of secretions and foreign bodies.
A cough associated with a fever or another infection of the respiratory tract may be due to bronchitis or pneumonia.
A wheezing cough be may present because of asthma, a common ailment of the respiratory system.

26. Illnesses: Bronchitis
Infection of the bronchioles, tiny airways, is the reason why people develop bronchitis.
Young people develop the bronchitis the easiest because of their small airways.
Smoking may increase ones chances of developing bronchitis.
One might develop pneumonia because of bronchitis.

27. Illnesses: Bronchitis (continued)
Stuffiness, runny nose, mild cough, and fever are all signs of bronchitis.
The best way to prevent bronchitis is through hand washing.
There is no vaccine for bronchitis, however medication is available.

28. Illnesses: Sinusitis
Sinusitis occurs when one’s sinuses become irritated, causing an infection.
Sinuses are moist air spaces within one’s facial bones.
Sinusitis is highly contractible. Sinusitis occurs because of a cold or allergies when nasal passages become more swollen.
A dry cough and cold-like symptoms do occur. Oral antibiotics may be prescribed from a doctor.

29. Additional Illnesses: Asthma
Asthma is a common condition that thousands of Americans develop. This inflammatory disease occurs when thick mucus is produced by the bronchioles, making it harder to breathe. Wheezing, shortness of breath, and coughing do occur.

30. Additional Illnesses: Pneumonia
Pneumonia is a common respiratory condition of the lungs. The inflammation of the lungs results in coughing, a high fever, shaking/chills, and shortness of breath.

31. Additional Illnesses: Influenza
Influenza, also known as the flu, has multiple symptoms including: a high fever, coughing, sore throat, vomiting, and diarrhea. To prevent such an illness, that best medicine is medicine itself. Shots are vital to prevent catching the illness. Doctors will prescribe special medication if one receives the influenza virus.

32. Proper Health
To guarantee optimal health, one should not smoke whatsoever. Smoking, even second hand smoke, increases the chances of a lung cancer-related death.
Polluted air is also not good for one’s respiratory system.
Exercise, specifically running, jogging, or bicycling increases the circulation of oxygen.

33. Proper Safety
In an emergency scenario, the Heimlich maneuver will prevent any human being from choking. The maneuver forces air out of the lungs in order to push out the object that is blocking the airways.
For unconscious victims, the abdominal thrust is used when the victim is lying on their back.
In any emergency situation, use the three C’s: check, call, and care!

34. The End