Module 1.1 UNFCCC context and requirements and introduction to IPCC guidelines REDD+ training materials by GOFC-GOLD, Wageningen University, World Bank FCPF 1 Module 1.1 UNFCCC context and requirements and introduction to IPCC guidelines Module developers: Martin Herold, Wageningen University Erika Romijn, Wageningen University Brice Mora, Wageningen University Country examples: 1.Review of FCPF country REDD+ readiness preparation proposals 2.Phased approach to improving greenhouse gas inventories in Mexico 3.Experiences from Annex-I countries using Tier-3 models for carbon accounting V1, April 2015 Creative Commons License

Module 1.1 UNFCCC context and requirements and introduction to IPCC guidelines REDD+ training materials by GOFC-GOLD, Wageningen University, World Bank FCPF 2 1. Review of FCPF country REDD+ readiness preparation proposals Implementation PhaseMRV activities Phase 1ReadinessAssess capacity development needs, develop roadmap Phase 2Transition, implementation & capacity building Development of Demonstration Activities Monitoring System Phase 3Full implementation National Performance Monitoring System active; fully operational MRV system to report REDD+ mitigation performance in CO 2 e  Capacity development vital in first 2 phases of REDD+ Readiness Fund Carbon Fund 2 funds from the World Bank’s Forest Carbon Partnership Facility (FCPF)

Module 1.1 UNFCCC context and requirements and introduction to IPCC guidelines REDD+ training materials by GOFC-GOLD, Wageningen University, World Bank FCPF 3 Some insights in following a stepwise approach to develop a national forest monitoring system  Define institutional arrangements in an early stage to ensure longer- term sustainability  Collaboration with international experts and south-south cooperation  Build on existing forest monitoring capacities  Integrate monitoring for REDD+ with other forest monitoring purposes  Prioritize REDD+ actions in relevant geographical areas and focus MRV capacity building on these specific drivers of deforestation  Learn from sub-national implementation in pilot-projects  Iterative process: use initial mapping activities to inform REDD+ strategy development and adjust the strategy and monitoring system accordingly Source: Lotsch et al., (Ch.8)

Module 1.1 UNFCCC context and requirements and introduction to IPCC guidelines REDD+ training materials by GOFC-GOLD, Wageningen University, World Bank FCPF 4 Some challenges for implementing MRV  Inconsistency between national strategy development and technical forest monitoring activities;  Unclear guidance and inconsistent advice on MRV methodologies and approaches;  Linking local monitoring (engagement of local communities) to a benefit distribution system for REDD+;  Policy decisions on REDD+, e.g. the forest definition or desired accuracy of reported numbers of forest area changes and emission estimates.

Module 1.1 UNFCCC context and requirements and introduction to IPCC guidelines REDD+ training materials by GOFC-GOLD, Wageningen University, World Bank FCPF 5 2. Phased approach to improving greenhouse gas inventories in Mexico  Activity data: from national statistics to multiple spatially explicit land use maps  Stratification: from 5 to 10 major forest classes  Emission factors: from data based on literature to inventory plots of 1600 m 2  Emission estimates: from Tier 1 to Tier 2-3 (biomass) and Tier 2 (soil) Source: De Jong, (Ch.6)

Module 1.1 UNFCCC context and requirements and introduction to IPCC guidelines REDD+ training materials by GOFC-GOLD, Wageningen University, World Bank FCPF 6 Phased approach to improving greenhouse gas inventories in Mexico  Major factors contributing to improvement: ● Policies for making data publicly available  Major challenges: ● Frequent changes in key personnel ● Competing interests  Steps for improvement: ● Developing institutional capacities ● Improvement in data acquisition and management ● Integration of local data into a national database

Module 1.1 UNFCCC context and requirements and introduction to IPCC guidelines REDD+ training materials by GOFC-GOLD, Wageningen University, World Bank FCPF 7 3. Experiences from Annex-I countries using Tier-3 models for carbon accounting A.Operational-Scale Carbon Budget Model of the Canadian Forest Sector B.National Carbon Accounting System (NCAS) of Australia

Module 1.1 UNFCCC context and requirements and introduction to IPCC guidelines REDD+ training materials by GOFC-GOLD, Wageningen University, World Bank FCPF 8 A. Operational-Scale Carbon Budget Model of the Canadian Forest Sector Figure Sourcebook, 2014 Sourcebook (2014) section

Module 1.1 UNFCCC context and requirements and introduction to IPCC guidelines REDD+ training materials by GOFC-GOLD, Wageningen University, World Bank FCPF 9 B. National Carbon Accounting System (NCAS) of Australia Landcover changeManagement practices Climate and soil inputs FullCAM Integrated modelling Figure Sourcebook, 2014 Sourcebook (2014) section

Module 1.1 UNFCCC context and requirements and introduction to IPCC guidelines REDD+ training materials by GOFC-GOLD, Wageningen University, World Bank FCPF 10 Recommended modules as follow up  Module 1.2 as a continuation of the UNFCCC context within a country and to learn more about building a national forest monitoring system for REDD+  Modules 2. to continue with REDD+ measuring and monitoring  Modules 3. to learn more about REDD+ assessment and reporting