Výukový materiál EK Tvůrce: Ing. Marie Jiráková Tvůrce anglické verze: Mgr. Milan Smejkal Projekt: S anglickým jazykem do dalších předmětů Registrační číslo: CZ.1.07/1.1.36/ Tento projekt je spolufinancován ESF a SR ČR

 Vegetation is an essential component of our landscape  There is a large landscape transformation - changes in the way of cultivation, water pollution, air pollution, the development of the human construction activities.  =>a retreat to the complete disappearance of many organisms and entire communities  Many native plants are replaced with agricultural monocultures  Natural forests => pine and spruce forests

 The most vulnerable are the spruce forests => affected by air pollution and acid precipitations  Communities of wet meadows, bogs and alluvial forests are threatened by intensive drainage channels.  Extensive grazing caused changes in thermophilic grassland communities - overgrown trees (hawthorn, roses, acacia)

 Flora is endangered more and more.  There is a growing effort to stop the disappearance of plants from our nature.  There ara efforts to preserve species diversity (biodiversity) in the landscape.

 The highest species diversity in the CR was found in the Great Basin (Kotlina – Hrubý Jesenik), where in the area of ​​ one square kilometer 480 taxa of higher vascular plants grow - (normally it is only around 50 kinds.

 (Fyto)gene pool:  The gene pool of plants - some sets of genetic information  It determines the characteristics of plants, in many cases usable by man =>important natural resource  It is a finite resource

 Red Lists and Red Books provide a summary of basic knowledge about the current threat of the gene pool and they simultaneously show the classification of taxa into different categories according to their degree of danger.  Species protection is the subject of interest of the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN)

 Newly added Law on Protection of Nature and Landscape  A total of 527 taxa of vascular plants and fungi  Three categories:  Critically endangered  Highly endangered  Endangered

 The law on the protection of nature and landscape defines protected areas:  National Parks (NP)  Protected Landscape Area (PLA)  National Nature Reserves (NNR)  Nature Reserves (NR)  National Natural Landmarks (NNL)  Natural sights (NS)

 1. Appoint at least three kinds of protected areas.  2. What summarizes the main findings of the current threat of the gene pool?  3. What is the most important enemy for the vegetation nowadays?  4. Why is the Great Basin (Kotlina in Hrubý Jeseník) significant?

 KINCL, Lubomír, Miloslav KINCL a Jana JAKRLOVÁ. Biologie rostlin pro 1. ročník gymnázií. Třetí, upravené vydání – dotisk. Praha: Fortuna, ISBN