1. FLATWORMS Výukový materiál OR 03 - 67 Tvůrce: Mgr. Alena Výborná
Tvůrce anglické verze: ThMgr. Ing. Jiří Foller
Projekt: S anglickým jazykem do dalších předmětů
Registrační číslo: CZ.1.07/1.1.36/
Tento projekt je spolufinancován ESF a SR ČR

2. FLATWORMS A tape body The first animals with an excretory system
A digestive system with one orifice
Parasites - they receive food by whole surface of the body

3. FLATWORMS - DUGESIA
They live freely, the most often in water and humid soil
The size from some mm to 30 cm
They are predators
A mouth orifice on the abdominal side of the body
Organs of smell and sight
A big ability of regeneration
Dendrocoelum lacteum

4. A small guide of flatworms according to the head ends:
Dugesia gonocephala
Dugesia tigrina
Crenobia alpina
Dendrocoelum lacteum
Dugesia lugubris
Polycelis felina

5. Dendrocoelum lacteum – a body structure
Touch lobes
Eyespots
A nerve system
A digestive system
An excretory system
A mouth

6. FLATWORMS- FLUKE WORMS
Parasites
They parasitize on skin, gills of fish, in an oral cavity, in an intestine, in bile ducts of liver, in vasal capillaries
They eat blood and disturbed tissues
Some of them live only on one host
The others change the host during the evolution

7. FLATWORMS – FLUKE WORMS
Cat liver fluke
Eggs leave with excrements of pastured cattle
If they get into the water, eyebrowed larvae come out
The larva must find an intermediate host – a water slug (e.g. a great pond snail)
After a certain time the larva leaves the intermediate host
It gets on wet grass a cyst
The host eats down the grass (e.g. a sheep) the end of the evolution

8. FLATWORMS – FLUKE WORMS
Schistosoma
A dangerous parasite
In tropics and subtropics
They screw in a body of the host
They get into the blood and go into a bladder, liver, bone marrow and a brain by blood
They cause serious inflammations
Illness – bilharzia (in rice fields)

9. FLATWORMS – FLUKE WORMS – an evolution of schistosoma
A larva
An egg

10. FLATWORMS – TAPEWORMS Parasites They live in bodies of vertebrates
A body structure:
A scolex + hooks or suckers
A neck
Flat proglottis – they get longer and larger to the end
They do not have a digestive system
In each proglottis there are male and female genitalia

11. A beef tapeworm

12. FLATWORMS – TAPEWORMS The last proglottis contain fertilized eggs
Evolution takes place in a few intermediate hosts
Larvae are set in muscles, liver or brains of vertebrates
Cystycersus = a rest stadium, a larva

13. FLATWORMS – TAPEWORMS An evaluation of a pork tapeworm A cystycersus
A larva
An egg
Proglottis with eggs

14. FLATWORMS – TAPEWORMS Pork tapeworm Beef tapeworm Flea tapeworm
The most frequent human tapeworm
Cysticersus are in muscle of pigs
Beef tapeworm
Cysticersus are in beef meat
Flea tapeworm
The most frequent dog tapeworm
Cysticersus are in bodies of fleas

15. REVISION:
1) How many orifices does a digestive system of flatworms have, if they have a digestive system?
2) What system do we meet by flatworms for the first time?
3) All flatworms are distinguished by a big….
4) How is the intermediate host of a cat liver fluke called?
5) How is the disease caused by a schistosoma called?

16. Source:
DOBRORUKA, Luděk J. Přírodopis pro 7. ročník základní školy. 1. vyd. Praha: Scientia, 1998, 152 s. ISBN