1. Expansion of plants on Earth
Výukový materiál EK
Tvůrce: Ing. Marie Jiráková
Tvůrce anglické verze: Mgr. Milan Smejkal
Projekt: S anglickým jazykem do dalších předmětů
Registrační číslo: CZ.1.07/1.1.36/
Tento projekt je spolufinancován ESF a SR ČR

2. Expansion of plants on Earth
It is not random
A presence or absence of a particular species in a given area is a result of the climate, habitat conditions and biotic factors
current effects and past effects often work simultaneously

3. the range and depiction of it
a characteristic feature of each taxon (especially species, genus, family, etc.) is an extension to a particular territory
a list of all plant taxa of this territory forms „Flora“

4. The Range The occurrence of a particular taxon with all habitats
Phytogeography – chorology - deals with the study of the ranges

5. The ranges of different taxa
They differ in sizes and shapes
The ranges can be classified by shape:
continuous – locations as a whole
discontinuous – locations with two or more parts
separated by a hiatus (a territory, where a given taxon does not occur)
The ranges can be divided by size:
macroranges, mesoranges and microranges

6. Macroranges and cosmopolitan ranges
macroranges include large areas of the earth's surface
cosmopolitan ranges include the majority of the earth's surface - for example a nettle

7. Mesoranges, microranges
mesoranges are the areas of a medium size - eg. a beech
microranges are the areas, which involve only a small area, sometimes only a single site.

8. Borders of the ranges They are not constant
They reflect the range of the taxon in a specific time period under certain conditions.

9. Division of the ranges According to human activities:
original – primary ranges – without the influence of human activities
autochthonous ranges –specific to the territory
derivative ranges –secondary – with the influence of human activities
allochthonous ranges – not original in the territory

10. Biological invasions
the spread of non-native species outside their primary area
human activity has accelerated it
global problems of mankind

11. Maps of the ranges graphical expression of taxa The maps are: netted
dot(ted)
outline

12. Worksheets - Revision The flora is made up of …?
What does the phytography study?
How do we divide the ranges of different taxa?
What is a hiatus?
What is a biological invasion?
What groups can we find in the ranges?

13. Sources:
KINCL, Lubomír, Miloslav KINCL a Jana JAKRLOVÁ. Biologie rostlin pro 1. ročník gymnázií. Třetí, upravené vydání – dotisk. Praha: Fortuna, ISBN