Skeletal & Muscle Unit

Notes

How many bones does the human skeleton contain?

206

Functions of the skeletal system Give shape & support Protect internal organs Moves muscles Form blood cells Store calcium and phosphorous

Bone Cross Section Marrow: manufactures red blood cells Periosteum: soft, thin, covers and protects the bone Compact Bone: Hard, outer surface. Can heal itself when broken Spongy Bone: Porous, contains blood vessels, nerves Marrow: manufactures red blood cells

http://www.bmb.psu.edu/courses/bisci004a/bone/fig81.jpg

http://www.bmb.psu.edu/courses/bisci004a/bone/bone.htm

Skeletal System is divided into two parts

Axial Skeleton Skull (protects the brain). Ribs ( protect lungs, and heart). Spinal column (houses and protects the spinal cord).

Appendicular Skeleton Legs Pelvis Arms Shoulders

Types of Joints Immovable Movable Skull Pelvis Pivot Ball & socket Hinge Gliding

http://www.nhfyouthworld.org/junior/mayjun/skeleton.jpg

Ball & Socket: Shoulders and Hips Allows arms and hips to move in any direction Can move in a full 360 degrees

Pivot Joints: First two neck vertebrae & joint beneath elbow Moves in a semicircle motion by twisting against each other

Hinged: Elbows & Knees Move like hinges on a door Limited movement Can only swing back and forth

Gliding Joints: Spine, Wrists, Ankles Slide against each other in a gliding motion Gives your wrists and ankles lots of freedom

Immoveable joints are located in the:

How many muscles do we have? 639

http://www.lifesci.utexas.edu/faculty/sjasper/images/john21.19.jpg

http://www.bio.psu.edu/

http://www.bmb.psu.edu/courses/bisci004a/tissues/skeletal.jpg

http://www.bio.psu.edu/

http://www.sc.edu/union/Sears/AnimalTissue/im.tissueCardiac.jpg

http://www.bio.psu.edu/

http://www.bmb.psu.edu

http://www.sirinet.net/~jgjohnso/muscle.html

Inside a Muscle Muscle Fiber Muscle Myofibril

Vocabulary

Appendicular The part of your skeleton made up of your arms, legs, pelvis and shoulders. Answer: 8700

Axial Part of your skeleton that includes skull, ribs, and spinal column. Answer: 740

Vertebrae Irregular bones that make up the spinal column Answer: 23,000

Cartilage Smooth tissue that acts as a buffer between bones. Answer: 5678, 5687, 5768

Tissues that fasten your bones together Ligaments Tissues that fasten your bones together Answer: 77; 777; 7,777; 77,777

Calcium The mineral found in bones Answer: 500 thousand, 20 million, 1 bilion

Periosteum The outer covering of bones. Answer: Calcutta, Rio, Buenos Aires

Ball and Socket These joints are found in hips and shoulders. Answer: 72 x 32

Gliding These joints are found in fingers and the spine. Answer: 50,625

Immoveable This type of joint is found in the skull and is fixed. Answer:729

Pivot These types of joints are found in the head and arms.

Voluntary These muscles can be controlled consciously

Hinge These joints are found in elbows and knees. Answer: 200 x 200 x 200 x 200

These muscles can be controlled unconsciously Involuntary These muscles can be controlled unconsciously Answer: 2

Skeletal Muscle tissue that is attached to bones and causes movement. Answer: 10

Smooth This type of tissue lines the walls of many organs and are involuntary. Answer: 33

Cardiac Muscle tissue found in the heart. Answer: add 13

Tendons These tough bands of connective tissue connect bones to skeletal muscles. Answer: subtract 32

Strain An injury caused when a muscle is over stretched. Answer: 63, 68, 65 (subtract 3 then add 5)

Cramp This can be painful and is sometimes caused by too much exercise and not warming up properly. Answer:10, 9, 11

http://www.cytochemistry.net/microanatomy/muscle/smooth1.jpg