The Holocaust and the UDHR CHC2D8 Ms. Gluskin

Millions and millions of people murdered and persecuted by the Nazis across Europe Day 1 The holocaust

Killing of Millions Holocaust (noun) = the killing of millions of Jews and other people by the Nazis during World War II Thousands and thousands of shoes of Nazi victims United States Holocaust Memorial Museum, A Changed World: The Continuing Impact of the Holocaust, N.d., http://www.ushmm.org/information/exhibitions/online-features/special-focus/aftermath (May 5, 2014).

German Control in Europe http://www.ushmm.org/wlc/en/media_nm.php?ModuleId=10005143&MediaId=7827 Animated map The Path to Nazi Genocide (38 mins) http://www.ushmm.org/learn/introduction-to-the-holocaust/path-to-nazi-genocide

Concentration Camps Concentration camps (noun) = prisons where people were forced to work for the Nazis Prisoners who have just arrived at Buchenwald concentration camp, 1938 United States Holocaust Memorial Museum, Holocaust Encyclopedia: Concentration Camps, N.d., http://www.ushmm.org/wlc/en/media_ph.php?ModuleId=10005263&MediaId=932 (May 5, 2014).

Work = Forced Labour Forced labour at Mauthasen concentration camp in 1938. United States Holocaust Memorial Museum, Concentration Camps, 1939-1942, N.d., http://www.ushmm.org/wlc/en/media_ph.php?ModuleId=10005474&MediaId=618 (May 5, 2014).

Victims of the Nazis http://www.ushmm.org/wlc/en/gallery.php?ModuleId=10005149&MediaType=PH Jews Roma people (Gypsies) Soviet prisoners of war Handicapped (disabled) people Jehovah’s Witnesses (Christians with different practices) Polish people Homosexuals

Gas Chamber Gas chambers (noun) = places where Nazis killed people by putting them in a room where they breathed in poison gas Inside of a gas chamber at Auschwitz, 1945. United States Memorial Museum, Holocaust Encyclopedia, N.d., http://www.ushmm.org/wlc/en/media_ph.php?MediaId=670 (May 5, 2014).

Vocabulary 162-163 Holocaust (noun) = the killing of millions of Jews and other people by the Nazis during World War II Concentration camps (noun) = prisons where people were forced to work for the Nazis Death camps (noun) = camps where people were killed by the Nazis Gas chambers (noun) = places where Nazis killed people by putting them in a room where they breathed in poison gas

Activity At each station, fill in the worksheet to learn about different aspects of the Holocaust: 1. Jewish Life in Europe Before the Holocaust 2. Ghettos 3. Einsatzgruppen 4. Concentration Camps and Death Camps 5. Other Victims

Jewish Life in Europe Before the War Jews lived in 21countries in Europe and had lived there for a long time Jews were just like other people: some lived in cities, some lived in the countryside; some were religious, some were not; some assimilated into the country they lived in, some didn’t; some were rich, some were poor, some were in-between The Nazis hated all Jews

Ghettos Nazis forced Jews into ghettos because: They wanted their land or their homes for Germans to take over They wanted them to work (forced labour) They didn’t care if they died from bad conditions Ghettos were crowded so disease spread quickly and people died because there was not enough food. The Warsaw Ghetto held 30% of the city’s population in about 2.4% of the land. It was crowded.

Einsatzgruppen (mobile killing squads) When the Germans invaded the Soviet Union this is how they killed Jews there: They found out who was Jewish, forced them to go outside the city, made them dig a pit, take their clothes off, go in the pit, and shot them. Outside Kiev 33 771 Jews were killed in 3 days. Soldiers didn’t like this method of killing so the Nazis came up with the idea of gas chambers to kill Jews more efficiently.

Camps Flowchart: the Nazis had a very organized method for selecting who would live to work and who would die in the gas chambers. The children in the picture were selected to die. The Nazis wanted to kill the future of the Jewish people. They cremated (burned) the bodies because they wanted it to be a secret.

Other Victims Roma were treated similarly to Jews: (220 000- 500 000 were killed out of an estimated total 942 000 in German occupied Europe) Sent to ghettos Shot by Einsatzgruppen Gassed in death camps

Discrimination Against… Polish people (1.9 million killed) Killed by Einsatzgruppen Forced labour Killed in gas chambers Handicapped (disabled – physically and mentally) people (200 000 – 250 000 killed) Not allowed to marry Killed

Nazis Targeted People Who Were Different Homosexuals (men who have sexual relations with other men) Nazis didn’t like their lifestyle Nazis didn’t like that they didn’t have children who could contribute to the German population Jehovah’s Witnesses They were Christian but in a different way from other Germans They did not serve in the army

Overall… The Nazis wanted to CONTROL everyone under their rule: Where they live If they live Who they marry If they can have children What religion they practice What rights they have

Words to Express Feelings How do you feel when you learn about the Holocaust: I feel… Sad Depressed Overwhelmed Sorry for the victims Confused Worried Curious Unsure It’s hard to believe I don’t understand how this could happen How could people be so cruel to other people ? Mad Angry Frustrated Unhappy

THE udhr (universal declaration of human rights) Day 2 THE udhr (universal declaration of human rights) Did the world have to change after WWII and the Holocaust? Did we need to protect people’s rights? How would we make these changes?

Universal Universal (adjective) = for everyone

Declaration Declaration (noun) = an official statement

Human Rights Human rights (noun) = rights that every person has and that cannot be taken away

How the Nazis Saw the World… And How the UDHR Sees the World Nazi View UDHR View Control people Protect people Take away their rights Rights cannot be taken away Diversity is bad (Germans are superior) Diversity is good (everyone is different but equal) Limit freedom Give freedom

UDHR “No one can take your rights away.” Amnesty International Australia, UDHR Poster, N.d., http://shop.amnesty.org.au/products/udhr-poster (May 2, 2014).

Cause and Consequence Holocaust and WWII UDHR

Vocabulary 164-165 Universal (adjective) = for everyone Declaration (noun) = an official statement Human rights (noun) = rights that everyone person has and that cannot be taken away

Activity Fill in TLS Worksheet 3.1.12 (UDHR). Read each article. On the right side, write something that happened during the Holocaust to show that that right did not exist for Jews or others during the Holocaust. At the end, fill in the conclusion at the bottom of the sheet.