Steven Glyer Director Education Technology and CTE Newport-Mesa Unified School District

Elementary

High School

Elementary High School College

Elementary High School Family College

Elementary High School Family Marriage College

Elementary High School Family Marriage College Career

$1 Trillion Dollars

3,000,000,000 people year 2000

AVERAGE WEEKLY EARNINGS from 1970 to 2005 (in 1982 dollars)

Commission on the Skills of the American Workforce Report: America’s Choice: High Skills or Low Wages Released Spring 1990 Commission on the Skills of the American Workforce Report: America’s Choice: High Skills or Low Wages Released Spring 1990

Released December 2006 The Report of the New Commission On the Skills of the American Workforce

Engineering Graduates 950,000

Engineering Graduates United States 60, ,000

Engineering Graduates United States 60, ,000135,000

Number ONE Number ONE Aerospace Waste Management Waste Management Health Care Health Care Entertainment Energy Bio Technology Bio Technology Nano Technology Nano Technology Automotive

20 th Century

$1 Trillion Dollars

21 st Century

Moving work, but not people from rich nations to poor nations.

What nation, rich or poor, is there greater incentive to automate? What nation, rich or poor, is there greater incentive to automate?

Expertise Flexibility Learn Fast

CHALLENGE

Schools Today Created for the 20 th Century Factory Workers Farm Workers

Learning & Thinking Skills Critical Thinking & Problem Solving Skills Creativity & Innovation Skills Communication & Information Skills Collaboration Skills Contextual Learning Information & Media Literacy

Creativity: The ability to see patterns and possibilities where others see chaos.

Innovation: Acting on these patterns or possibilities to produce goods and services.

4 Year College BA Degree

“One Way to Win” Pressure High Stakes Testing Globalization Professional Careers All Decent Jobs Will Require a BA Social Class & Status Prejudice Against Non-professional Work Equal Opportunity Open Admission Financial Aid NCLB

Post High School

For every twenty 9 TH graders

6 graduates are work-bound

For every twenty 9 TH graders 6 graduates are work-bound 6 drop out

For every twenty 9 TH graders 6 graduates are work-bound 8 become college freshman 6 drop out

For every twenty 9 TH graders 6 graduates are work-bound 8 become college freshman 6 drop out 4 are college dropouts

For every twenty 9 TH graders 6 graduates are work-bound 8 become college freshman 4 graduate from college 6 drop out 4 are college dropouts

For every twenty 9 TH graders 6 graduates are work-bound 8 become college freshman 4 graduate from college 2 secure high skills/high wage occupations 6 drop out 4 are college dropouts

For every twenty 9 TH graders 6 graduates are work-bound 8 become college freshman 4 graduate from college 2 secure high skills/high wage occupations 6 drop out 4 are college dropouts 2 are underemployed

Remedial Education in Higher Education Source: National Center for Education Statistics, 2000b

Remedial Education in Higher Education Source: National Center for Education Statistics, 2000b

Remedial Education in Higher Education Source: National Center for Education Statistics, 2000b

Remedial Education in Higher Education Source: National Center for Education Statistics, 2000b

Demand for Higher Education to the Year 2010 Source: US Dept. Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics, 2004 DegreeSupplyDemand % Under- Employed Doctoral 47,10076,0000% Master’s 439,00063,40086% Bachelor’s 1,324,000730,40045%

What Work Requires Source: Silvestri Study, 1997

What Work Requires Source: Silvestri Study, 1997

What Work Requires Source: Silvestri Study, 1997

Job Growth Occupation % Growth Environmental Engineers 38.2% Accountants & Auditors 19.5% Source: U.S. Dept. of Labor’s Monthly Labor Review (Hecker, 2004, p. 80)

Job Growth Occupation % Growth Environmental Engineers 38.2%47,00065,000 Accountants & Auditors 19.5%1,055,0001,260,000 Source: U.S. Dept. of Labor’s Monthly Labor Review (Hecker, 2004, p. 80)

Job Growth Occupation % Growth Environmental Engineers 38.2%47,00065,000 Accountants & Auditors 19.5%1,055,0001,260,000 Source: U.S. Dept. of Labor’s Monthly Labor Review (Hecker, 2004, p. 80)

“The largest source of job openings is NOT from job growth but from the need to replace individuals who retire.”

What Does Business Want?

Distribution of Work 1 2 7

Orange County – Education/Training Requirements for Occupations Source: California Employment Development Dept, 2005

Occupations Requiring Higher Education Job Growth & Average Hourly Wage OccupationJob Growth ‘02-’12Ed/Training ReqAvg Hr Wage – ‘05 Microbiologists20PhD$26.32 Postsecondary Teaches, All Other7,350PhD$40.61 Mental Health counselors150MA/MS$20.43 Librarians140MA/MS$27.65 Lawyers920LLD/MD$62.95 Family & General Practitioners60LLD/MD$70.18 Health Diagnosing & Treating Practitioners*40LLD/MD$32.41 General & Operations Manager5,460BA/BS + Exp$54.55 Administrative Services Managers770BA/BS + Exp$39.70 Financial Analysts430BA/BS$34.16 Computer Software Engineers, Applications3,750BA/BS$34.81 Electronics Engineers, except Computer460BA/BS$39.94 Market Research Analysts810BA/BS$31.39 Elementary School Teachers, except Sp Ed5,010BA/BS$27.81 Physician Assistants110BA/BS$ ,480$40.44 Source: California Employment Development Dept, 2005

Occupations Requiring Higher Education Job Growth & Average Hourly Wage OccupationJob Growth ‘02-’12Ed/Training ReqAvg Hr Wage – ‘05 Microbiologists20PhD$26.32 Postsecondary Teaches, All Other7,350PhD$40.61 Mental Health counselors150MA/MS$20.43 Librarians140MA/MS$27.65 Lawyers920LLD/MD$62.95 Family & General Practitioners60LLD/MD$70.18 Health Diagnosing & Treating Practitioners*40LLD/MD$32.41 General & Operations Manager5,460BA/BS + Exp$54.55 Administrative Services Managers770BA/BS + Exp$39.70 Financial Analysts430BA/BS$34.16 Computer Software Engineers, Applications3,750BA/BS$34.81 Electronics Engineers, except Computer460BA/BS$39.94 Market Research Analysts810BA/BS$31.39 Elementary School Teachers, except Sp Ed5,010BA/BS$27.81 Physician Assistants110BA/BS$ ,480$40.44 Source: California Employment Development Dept, 2005

Occupations Requiring Low Education Job Growth & Average Hourly Wage OccupationJob Growth ‘02-’12Ed/Training ReqAvg Hr Wage – ‘05 Computer Support Specialists1,460AA$22.70 Registered Nurses3,770AA$32.28 Cooks, Restaurant3,48012 mos OJT$10.29 Carpenters4,35012 mos OJT$22.30 Medical Assistants2, mos OJT$14.01 Customer Service Representatives6, mos OJT$16.04 Construction Laborers3, mos OJT$14.79 Textile Cutting Machine Setters, Ops & Tenders mos OJT$8.69 Truck Drivers, Heavy & Tractor-Trailer1, mos OJT$17.55 Nursing Aides, Orderlies & Attendants1,92030-days OJT$11.15 Security Guards2,54030-days OJT$10.20 Waiters & Waitresses7,43030-days OJT$8.34 Landscaping & Grounds keeping Workers6,10030-days OJT$10.69 Retail Salespersons9,46030-days OJT$13.12 Helpers, Construction Trades, All Other9030-days OJT$ ,720$14.67 Source: California Employment Development Dept, 2005

Occupations Requiring Low Education Job Growth & Average Hourly Wage OccupationJob Growth ‘02-’12Ed/Training ReqAvg Hr Wage – ‘05 Computer Support Specialists1,460AA$22.70 Registered Nurses3,770AA$32.28 Cooks, Restaurant3,48012 mos OJT$10.29 Carpenters4,35012 mos OJT$22.30 Medical Assistants2, mos OJT$14.01 Customer Service Representatives6, mos OJT$16.04 Construction Laborers3, mos OJT$14.79 Textile Cutting Machine Setters, Ops & Tenders mos OJT$8.69 Truck Drivers, Heavy & Tractor-Trailer1, mos OJT$17.55 Nursing Aides, Orderlies & Attendants1,92030-days OJT$11.15 Security Guards2,54030-days OJT$10.20 Waiters & Waitresses7,43030-days OJT$8.34 Landscaping & Grounds keeping Workers6,10030-days OJT$10.69 Retail Salespersons9,46030-days OJT$13.12 Helpers, Construction Trades, All Other9030-days OJT$ ,720$14.67 Source: California Employment Development Dept, 2005

Occupations Requiring Low Education Job Growth & Average Hourly Wage OccupationJob Growth ‘02-’12Ed/Training ReqAvg Hr Wage – ‘05 Computer Support Specialists1,460AA$22.70 Registered Nurses3,770AA$32.28 Cooks, Restaurant3,48012 mos OJT$10.29 Carpenters4,35012 mos OJT$22.30 Medical Assistants2, mos OJT$14.01 Customer Service Representatives6, mos OJT$16.04 Construction Laborers3, mos OJT$14.79 Textile Cutting Machine Setters, Ops & Tenders mos OJT$8.69 Truck Drivers, Heavy & Tractor-Trailer1, mos OJT$17.55 Nursing Aides, Orderlies & Attendants1,92030-days OJT$11.15 Security Guards2,54030-days OJT$10.20 Waiters & Waitresses7,43030-days OJT$8.34 Landscaping & Grounds keeping Workers6,10030-days OJT$10.69 Retail Salespersons9,46030-days OJT$13.12 Helpers, Construction Trades, All Other9030-days OJT$ ,720$14.67 Four groups with technical skills $22.03 Source: California Employment Development Dept, 2005

IEP.... How about

Structuring the High School Program of Study Three broad objectives –Developing core academic skills –Developing career maturity –Preparation for post-high school transition

Gd. K-6Gd. 7-8Gd. 9-10Gd Vocabulary Meet the Parents Explore Alternatives Verify Those Alternatives

For every twenty 9 TH graders 6 graduates are work-bound 8 become college freshman 4 graduate from college 2 secure high skills/high wage occupations 6 drop out 4 are college dropouts 2 are underemployed

For every twenty 9 TH graders 6 graduates are work-bound 8 become college freshman 4 graduate from college 2 secure high skills/high wage occupations 6 drop out 4 are college dropouts 2 are underemployed NOT WORKING

Tentative career Interest identified Career interests Verified and refined High SchoolAfter High School 9 th – 10 th 11 th – 12 th 13th Honors AP Baccalaureate Pre-baccalaureate/ Tech prep Pre-baccalaureate/ Tech prep Work-based Learning/co-op CTE Work-based Learning/co-op CTE Core Academic Core Academic Work-based Learning/co-op CTE Work-based Learning/co-op CTE Dual enrollment/ middle college Dual enrollment/ middle college Competitive 4-year college Competitive 4-year college 1- or 2-year Technical college 1- or 2-year Technical college Full-time employment Apprenticeship Military Full-time employment Apprenticeship Military

One Way to Win is a Myth Future economic security is a 4-yr degree Mostly fiction with a dash of truth Students believe this – –94% plan to continue their education –84% at the baccalaureate level What profession at age 30 –49% male & 69% female  PROFESSIONAL And this is regardless of a academic ability or interest

One Way to Win is a Myth Parent pressure is increasing –Today  83% sophomores –10 years ago  65% Teachers and Counselors –1982  32% –1992  65% First hint that “One Way” has problems –At best, only half graduate from a 4-year college

One Way to Win is a Myth We assume that all who go to college are academically qualified –But only 40% of high school grads have academic readiness for college level work Thus when 60-70% who go off to college, the majority of these are unprepared And most who begin a 4-year college take remedial courses. And the majority who do, don’t graduate

One Way to Win is a Myth Second flaw is the scarcity of college-level jobs for those who do graduate –1960’s  1 in 5 failed to find college-level work –1990’s  1 in 3 failed –Today in accounting and teaching  1 in 2 Third flaw is cost – student loans Finally the unmeasured cost to youth who give up

One Way to Win is a Myth We must reach out to parents Involve them in secondary course selection Must be given objective data on probabilities of their child’s success in different post-secondary alternatives And on the financial costs involved

One Way to Win is a Myth We need to create a systematic program for career development and guidance It should have 3 goals –By 10 th grade  identify one or more career interests –In grades 11 and 12  verify those choices as a basis for making post-secondary plans –Students should graduate with a post- secondary plan that has a high probability of success

One Way to Win is a Myth But this target group is most likely to exhibit “career immaturity” They don’t know, so they go with the “one way to win” strategy They will continue to do this unless –An effort is made to develop a process –To confront the realities of their plans –And provide alternatives

SCHEMA FOR STUDENT PROGRESSION THROUGH THE SYSTEM International Baccalaureate (IB) Exams State Board Transfer Examination Advanced Placement (AP) Exams Technical Exams Choice of one or more of the exams above Upper Secondary Academic Program (Nominal 2 Yrs., e.g., AP, IB) Regional Vocational School, Community or Technical College (Nominal 2-3 Years) Optional Additional Academics STATE BOARD QUALIFYING EXAMINATION Common School (Nominal 10 Grades) Preschool and Kindergarten