International health Ivana Kolčić

Međunarodno zdravstvo

International health How many people?

International health TOTAL: 6,986,951,000 Haupt, A. et al. Population Reference Bureau Population Handbook (Sixth edition), 2011.

International health

International health

Where do they live?

International health China billion India bil. USA 313 mil. Indonesia 245 mil. Brazil 203 mil. Most live in 5 countries, others are minority 1) bil.; 2) bil.; 3) 313 mil.; 4) 245 mil.; 5) 203 mil.

International health Additional 766 millions lives in: Pakistan 187 Bangladesh 158 Russia 139 Japan 127 Nigeria 155

International health Media distort the truth about most peoples’ residence...

International health 59 mil. 57 mil. 63 mil. 69 mil. UK Thailand Egypt Italy

International health 59 mil. 82 mil. 64 mil. 100 mil. France Germany Mexico Ethiopia

International health 19 mil. 30 mil. 26 mil. 77 mil. Australia Philippines Maroco Peru

International health 31 mil. 52 mil. 68 mil. 71 mil. Canada Congo Congo Iran Turkey

International health Argentina Tanzania Burma Vietnam 48 mil. 36 mil. 79 mil. 37 mil.

International health Age and gender?

International health

4. How long do they live?

International health Men: LONGESTSHORTESTOTHER Island 79Sierra Leone 37China 70 Japan 79Zimbabwe 37India 61 Sweden 78Angola 38USA 75 Australia 78Zambia 40Indonesia 65 Switzerland 78Malawi 41Brazil 67 Canada 78Afghanistan 42Russia 59 Singapore 77Croatia 72

International health Women: LONGESTSHORTESTOTHER Japan 86Zimbabwe 34China 74 Switzerland 83Zambia 40India 63 Spain 83Botswana 40USA 80 Australia 83Sierra Leone 40Indonesia 68 Sweden 83Malawi 41Brazil 74 Italia 84Angola 42Russia 72 Singapore 82Croatia 79

International health Why do women live longer?

International health Contrast… Japan – girl born today  Expected to live up to round 86 years, will be vaccinated, addequatelly fed and well educated  If she becomes pregnant – will have top maternal health protection  As a grown-up – could be diagnosed with a chronic disease, with top medical care, medications worth round 550 US$ per year, more if neccessary Zimbabwe – girl born today  Expected to live up to round 34 years, small chance to be vaccinated, great chance to be undernourished  She will marry during adolescence, have 6 or more children, with no expert medical help – 1 or 2 of her children will die, and good chance of her death during childbirth  If she gets sick, can have medications for 3 US$ per year  If she lives longer than middle age – will get chronic disease, but with no adequate health care will die prematurely

International health 5. Causes of death?

International health Around 57 million deaths in mil. – children younger than 5 (was 17 mil. in 1970) In 14 african countries – children mortality was greater than in 1990 – 35% of african children have greater risk of death than 10 years ago (leading causes: pneumonia, perinatal conditions, diarrea, malaria and undernutrition) In sub-saharan area - HIV/AIDS caused deaths among children

International health 30,000 children under age of 5 die daily due to: Pneumonia Diarrea Undernutrition Malaria Children work abuse Low education

International health 6. How much extra value do they create?

International health GDP per capita (US$) in 2009 (WB): TOPLOWOTHER COUNTRIES Monaco 172,676 $ Niger 351 $ China 3,749 $ Luxembourg 106,252 $ Sierra Leone 323 $ India 1,195 $ Burundi 163 $ Indonesia 2,272 $ Congo 175 $ Brazil 8,251 $ Switzerland 63,525 $ Eritrea 364 $ Russia 8,615 $ Ireland 49,738 $ Malawi 327 $ Croatia 14,323 $ Germany 40,659 $ Liberia 229 $ Slovenia 24,101 $ Norway 78,409 $ USA 45,745 $

International health Gap? 48% - the percentage of the world’s population living below $2 a day 100 richest people in the world – have as much as 2 billion poorest

International health 7. On what do they spend their money?

International health 1. Weapons

International health 2. Narcotics

International health 3. parfumes in USA vs. water sanitration in the world

International health 4. animal food in USA vs. food sanitation and control in the world

International health 5. Fitness & plastic surgery in USA vs. education in the world

International health 8. Expenditures for health?

International health

1 GP for 200,000 people Public health worker

International health Typical hospital in developing county

International health USA – cryopreservation (brain or whole body)

International health 9. Causes of death among rich?

International health 5 leading risk factors: Hypertension - 7 million premature deaths

International health Smoking - nearly 6 million premature deaths (more in developing countries)

International health Alcohol: Developing countris 1.8 million deaths Cancer, liver disease, traffic accidents, violence….

International health Cholesterol - 4 million premature deaths

International health Overweight/obesity: the fifth leading risk for global deaths at least 2.8 million adults die each year 1.5 billion adults, 20 and older, were overweight in 2008 over 200 million men and nearly 300 million women were obese

International health 10. Causes of death among poor?

International health 1. HUNGER 3 million deaths amnog children under 5/year 170 million children suffer from underrnutrition

International health 2. UNPROTECTED SEX (HIV/AIDS) AIDS – 4th leading cause of death 40 million infected In sub-Saharan Africa – life expectancy 47 years (would be 62 without AIDS) Round 3 million deaths per year

International health 3. LACK OF SAFE WATER; SANITATION AND HYGENE 1.7 million deaths per year Mostly children under 5 (diarrhea)

International health 4. IRON DEFFICIENCY 2 billion people 1 milion deaths per year

International health 5. AIR POLLUTION Indoors air pollution – solid fuels, moist air, crowded households

International health Developing countries

International health Life expectancy

International health FUTURE?

Pandemics: SARS Avian influenza “Mad cows disease” (CJD) HIV/AIDS violence (terrorism) ?