Cesaer seminar 2009, Aalborg: The modernisation agenda of the universities Mobility Rector Matti Pursula Helsinki University of Technology, Finland Date Page 1

Enter your footer here Outline of the presentation  Background  Global facts and trends of mobility  Statistics about Finland and TKK  How to increase mobility  Conclusions Page 1

Enter your footer here Background: The Global Challenge  The rise of knowledge and innovation (research) to central factors of competitiveness -Global companies meet the cutting edge of engineering and business skills every day in the market and can, and have, to buy the best knowledge wherever they find it -The global economy is changing radically structures of industry and services, especially in Europe and USA  The change of education towards a commercial university brand products with international suppliers and ranking lists -International competition of the best graduates and best faculty is real today -International competition about research funding, from companies and EU -Competition of talented students is changing from national to international  The EU response -EHEA, ERA, The Lisbon declaration

Enter your footer here Background: The reform of universities  The EU Lisbon strategy sets the goal -Europe must become the most competitive economy of the world  Universities as places for education and research are important elements in reaching this goal -A university reform is undergoing in Europe and globally -Economic and administrative autonomy and internationalisation are in the core of the reform

Enter your footer here Mobility, a central tool for internationalisation  Internationalisation can be measured by -The rate of foreign degree students and faculty -The rate of student and faculty exchange -The participation in international research  From the European point of view -the mobility between EU countries is an important part of common market and cohesion -The mobility between EU and other parts of the world is the real test of our competitiveness in the long run Page 1

Enter your footer here International mobility statistiscs from Global Education Digest (UN) Page 1

Enter your footer here Global mobility is growing Page 1

Enter your footer here Outgoing students by region Page 1

Enter your footer here Host countries Page 1

Enter your footer here Mobility by origin and destination Page 1

Enter your footer here The study orientation of mobile students Page 1

Enter your footer here Global interests Page 1

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Enter your footer here Conclusions from the global statistics  International mobility is increasing, but still quite low -About 2,8 million mobile students out of 153 million in tertiary education  USA and Western Europe have almost equal shares of mobile students -75 % of European mobile students study in Europe  Mobile students study at higher level than local students -91 % of mobile students study at MSc and PhD level, which makes them an important source of new talent  Half of the mobile students study business (23 %), science (15 %) and engineering (14 %) Pag e 1

Enter your footer here Mobility in Finland 2007 and goal for 2015  Foreign students in Finnish tertiary education -2007: (3,7 % of all students) -2015: (7 % )  Foreign students in national PhD programmes -2007: 15,8 % -2015: 20 %  Finnish student mobility (exchange) -2007: (3,8 %) -2015: 8000 (6 %) Page 1

Enter your footer here The Finnish statistics of exchange students  Almost student move in and out of the country yearly (universities and polytechnics) -The number of mobile students is about one quarter of new students in universities -50 % of exchange out and 76 % of exchange in is based on Erasmus agreements -In engineering at university level the number out is 750 and in students (TKK out 344, in 374 yearly)  Most Finnish students go to Europe (68 %) -Less than 10 % go to USA  Most incomers are from Europe (84 %)

Enter your footer here Foreign degree students and personnel at TKK  Number of degree students in MSc programmes 616 (5,0 %) -Doctoral students 345 (12,7 %) -The share of degree students is increasing rapidly because of the increasing number of MSC programmes totally in English -15 ordinary MSc programmes and 3 Erasmus Mundus programmes in English in 2008  About 90 nationalities at TKK (exchange and degree students) -Western European students are a clear minority (41 % Asia, 16,5 % Europe, 3,2 % North America)  The share of foreign personnel is 10,5 % (371 persons) -The share of foreign professors is about 8 %

Enter your footer here Measures to increase mobility  Student exchange (in and out) -Provison of housing and other local support -Clear study packages (for example joint programmes) to ensure approval of the studies at home -Additional financing for the exchange period -No way to fight the inertia caused by the social networks at home (girl/boyfriend, local job)  Degree students -Housing and local support (e.g. language classes) -Well established English programmes like Erasmus Mundus -Possibilities to work as teaching assistants or research assistants -Local funding for the PhD studies -Support on the labor markets after graduation  Tuition fees and grant systems -Many European countries still provide degree education for free -Erasmus Mundus and other governmental grant arrangements -Bilateral agreements between universities

Enter your footer here Mobility of the Faculty  To get international faculty -Post doc programmes -International search for faculty to tenure track -Specific support programmes like FIDiPro -Finland state financed distinguished professor programme to recruit prominent foreign professors to Finland for a five year period -Good working environment (facilities, students, colleagues)  Immigration legislation and immigration policy have to support internationalisation  The promote faculty exchange -Sabbattical system -Other incentives (cost coverage) for a working period abroad -Bilateral agreements of faculty exchange Page 3

Enter your footer here Conclusions  Mobility of both students and personnel is an important tool in the development of universities  European universities in general need to increase their activities in the global education market especially to attract non-European students  Several kinds of support from local housing to legislation are needed  Engineering and science are popular subjects -More international MSc and doctoral programmes are needed -There is room for cooperation and joint actions for better organisation and better competitiveness of European engineering universities Page 4

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