WHAT DO WE DO NOW! ??????????

Treaty of Paris ► Makes US independent ► Sets boundary at Mississippi ► Canada to north (British) ► Florida to south (Spain)

Treaty of Paris Continued ► US fishing rights off Canadian coast ► Repay War debt ► British return captured slaves ► Give back Loyalist property

Forming a Republic ► Would be a loose union of states ► Articles of Confederation  Main purpose to handle foreign affairs  State governments still strong---too strong

Nation grows West

► YOU DECIDE

Nation grows West notes ► Land Ordinance---measures land in 6 by 6 squares ► Northwest Ordinance---provides rules for land ownership  Practice freedoms  Treat Indians fairly  Bans slavery  Provides a governor and 3 judges  5,000 free men creates assembly  60,000 allows statehood

► Northwest Ordinance creates five states…  Illinois  Wisconsin  Indiana  Michigan  Ohio

Shays Rebellion creates a need for stronger government ► Farmers lost land because of need to pay in gold or silver ► Marched on Capital of Mass. ► Defeated by state militia ► Showed the lack of power of Fed. Gov.

Constitutional Convention ► Members known as “Founding Fathers” ► Purpose was to establish rules for everyone ► Met at Independence Hall in Philadelphia

► Big States v. Small states

BIG STATES VIRGINIA PLAN ► Creates 3 branches of government ► Congress chosen based on POPULATION

SMALL STATES New Jersey Plan ► One house---Equal representation

Compromise Connecticut Plan ► Called the “Great Compromise” ► Created two parts to Congress ► One based on Population ( House of Reps.) ► One based equally ( U.S. Senate ) ► Authored by Roger Sherman

Washington becomes President ► April 1789 in New York ► Washington creates Precedent( an example that becomes standard practice) ► Creates first Cabinet  Sec. of state—Thomas Jefferson  Sec. of Treasury---Alexander Hamilton  Sec. of War--- Henry Knox  Attorney General---Edmund Randolph

Shifting Arguments ► Federalist vs. Anti-Federalist ► Big State vs. Small State ► Strict Construction vs. Loose Construction

Interpreting the Constitution ► Strict Construction  Government only has powers granted in the Constitution  Is an Anti-Federalist position ► Thomas Jefferson was a strict constructionist

► Loose Construction  Government has the power to do what is necessary and proper---does not have to be in the constitution  Is a Federalist position ► Alexander Hamilton was a loose constructionist

Whiskey Rebellion ► Farmer protest against a tax on whiskey ► Farmers marched on Pittsburgh ► Protest was put down by Federal government

Washington retires

► Washington served two terms in office ► Warned against forming political parties  Felt political parties would weaken the unity of the American people