CS101: Introduction to Computing Instructors: Badre Munir, Usman Adeel, Zahid Irfan & Maria Riaz Faculty of Computer Science and Engineering GIK Institute of Engineering Sciences and Technology Fall 2009

General Course Description The Student will be familiarized with: History, Present and Future of Computing. Introduction to Computing Hardware Introduction to Computing Software Introduction to Programming Computers Detailed course contents will be uploaded on the course website

Course Information Instructors Mr. Badre Munir, G-15, FCSE, Mr. Usman Adeel, G-13, FCSE, Mr. Zahid Irfan, G-12, FCSE, Maria Riaz, G-14, FCSE, Course Timings Two Lectures per week One lab per week (Three Hours) Office Hours to be announced

Text Books  C How to Program, Fourth/Fifth Edition, Deitel & Deitel  Basic Computing Using Windows  asic_Computing_Using_Windo ws

Course Grading Quizzes 15% Assignments 10% Mid Term Examination 25% Final Examination 50%

Academic Honesty Policy Individual Work is emphasized Quizzes Assignments Should be your own work and if you got it from somewhere please cite the relevant source. Consult Course Instructor, Course TA and Text Book Examination Penalty as per university rules

Computers Today

A Tool for Communication Chat Searching Social Networking Content Sharing Blog

A Tool for Entertainment Multimedia Games

Computer Revolution ! Google Servers Mars Rover Flight Simulator Wearable Computer

Computer We know how to use a computer We have an idea where it stands today YOU have to contribute towards its future ! Now let’s look at what it is and the modest beginnings from where it evolved !

History of Computer

What is a Computer (-1-) A computer is a machine that inputs (takes in) facts and information (known as data*) then processes (does something to or with) it can also store data afterwards it outputs, or displays, the results for you to see * Data is all kinds of information, including, pictures, letters, numbers, and sounds

What is a Computer (-2-)

What is a Computer (-3-) The defining feature of modern computers which distinguishes them from all other machines is that they can be programmed a list of instructions (the program) can be given to the computer e.g.,  add one number to another  move some data from one location to another  send a message to some external device, etc it will store them (in memory) and carry them out (execute) some time in future  Usually in the same order in which the instructions were given

History of Computer (-1-) The first use of the word "computer" was recorded in 1613 referring to a person who carried out calculations, or computations ! The word continued to be used in that sense until the middle of the 20th century before modern electronic computers were developed

History of Computer (-2-) The history of the modern computer begins with two separate technologies Automated Calculation Programmability Early computers were mechanical calculating devices such as Abacus, 3000 B.C Slide rule, A.D

History of Computer (-3-) Chinese Abacus: for performing arithmetic processes

History of Computer (-4-) Slide Rule: for performing multiplication, division, computing roots, logarithms, trigonometric functions

History of Computer (-5-) ENIAC - Electronic Numerical Integrator And Computer - was the first general-purpose electronic computer developed around 1946 operated at 5 kIPS [thousand instructions per second]  Today's desktops can perform MIPS weighed 30 tons size was roughly 8.5 x 3 x 80 feet contained around 5 million hand-soldered joints consumed 150 kW of power; enough to dim the lights of Philadelphia when it was run! Input was given from an IBM card reader An IBM card punch was used for output

History of Computer (-6-) Working on, rather ‘inside’, ENIAC

History of Computer (-7-) IBM Punch Card: Programs and data were punched by hand or a key-punch-machine and read into a card reader

The future of computers predicted in the past I think there is a world market for maybe five computers. -- Thomas Watson, chairman of IBM, 1943 Computers in the future may weigh no more than 1.5 tons. -- Popular Mechanics, 1949 There is no reason anyone would want a computer in their home. --Ken Olson, CEO, Digital Equipment Corp., 1977

Components of a Computer

Parts of a Computer There are two main parts of computers, hardware and software Hardware is all of the parts of the computer you can see and touch. E.g., Monitor, Keyboard, Processor, Memory, Circuits, Cables etc Software refers to parts of the computer which do not have a material form. E.g., Data, Programs, Protocols etc

Computer : An External Look Casing [with components inside] Next slide Monitor Lets the user see how the computer is responding to their command Keyboard For entering text commands Mouse Point-and-Click interface for interacting with graphical environment

Computer: Internal Components (-1-) Inside the casing, we have a built-in power supply along with: Motherboard It is the central printed circuit board (PCB) where the core components of your computer reside  provides slots to host microprocessor, memory, driver controllers, graphics card, modem, network card etc  also provides electrical connections by which these hosted components communicate Hard Disk Drive Permanent storage for data and programs. Also, normally, your operating system is installed here. CD-ROM / DVD Player

Computer: Internal Components (-2-) Power Supply

Computer: Internal Components (-3-) Motherboard: Connectors & Ports

Computer: Internal Components (-3-) Motherboard: Sockets & Slots Slot for Microprocessor DRAM Memory Slot AGP Slot [Graphics] PCI Slot [sound, network, modem] IDE / ATA Connector [hard disk, CD-ROM] Power Connector

Computer: Internal Components (-4-) Microprocessor Graphics Card

Computer: Internal Components (-5-) Network Card RAM

Computer: Internal Components (-6-) Hard Disk Drive DVD RW

Computer: Peripherals A peripheral device is an equipment that might be added to a computer system to enhance its functionality Printer Digital camera Scanner Projector Joystick Graphics tablet

Next Time Hardware & Software Concepts

References sing_Windows sing_Windows ummer.08/notes/historyofcomputing/ ummer.08/notes/historyofcomputing/