Objective: SWBAT identify causes for migration. Warm-up: Complete the Frayer chart below. STANDARD OF LIVING 1. Definition  the quantity and quality of goods and services 2. Characteristics of countries with a high standard of living: 3. Sketch

Table of Contents DateTitleLesson # 10/3Cover Page/Map21 10/6Regions22 10/13Immigration - Political23 10/14Immigration - Economic24 10/15Migration25 Directions: Get a fresh page and title it “Immigration – Economic” Get a second fresh page and title it “Migration”

Directions: 1. Create two new fresh pages, one called “Immigration – Economic” and one called “Migration.” 2. On your page titled “Immigration – Economic” we will tape in your stuff from yesterday. 3. On your page titled “Migration” we will tape in today’s activities.

Migration! The movement of people within a country or region. MOVING For example, moving from Miami, Florida to Houston, Texas

Example – Push Factors In your town there is currently a drug war. Local gangs are killing each other daily. As a result of the war you don’t have a job, crime has increased, and many of your friends have joined the fight. In order to provide money and safety for your family you decide to pack up and move to a neighboring state to avoid the war and destruction. READ ONLY

Example – Pull Factors You receive a series of text messages from a friend about all the wonderful things in Houston. They have great jobs, big houses, low crime, a strong economy, and cheap products. This is much better than what you find in your town in the Midwest so you decide to move to Houston in hopes of achieving the American Dream. READ ONLY

Why do people migrate within a country? PUSH FACTORS Economic Recession Economic Depression Disasters Crime High Cost of Living PULL FACTORS Family Economic Opportunity Better Education Safety Low Cost of Living

Economic Push Factors Recession – a period of decline in business activity. Depression – a long period of decline in business activity with rising levels of unemployment.

Directions 1. Go to - click 2 nd six weeks - Or go to the S:) Student drive – Student Read Only – Orso Folder - Open the file called Migration – Use this power point to complete the worksheet 3. Skip number 7 and number 8.

Example – Urbanization You and your family are currently farmers in a rural area. Farming doesn’t allow you to make much money. You hear that in the city there are many good paying jobs and very nice houses and schools so you pack up the family, sell the farm, and move to the big city in hopes of finding a good job in a factory in the city. READ ONLY

Urbanization The dramatic rise in the number of cities and the changes in lifestyle that result (movement of people from rural areas to urban areas)

Why Did Urbanization Occur? The Industrial Revolution transformed the United States from a rural, agricultural nation to an urban, industrial nation. When big factories and lots of jobs became available in the city, many citizens migrated from rural areas to urban centers.

Example – Urban to Suburban The invention of the car allows you to live further away from where you work. Because of this you decide to move to the newly created Suburbs around the city. In the suburbs you can find better schools, cheaper houses, less crime, and less taxes. So you pack up your family and move from downtown to the suburbs to go to better schools and buy a bigger house. READ ONLY

Urban to Suburban Migration (Suburbanization) What are the suburbs? –A political unit or community connected economically with, and surrounding, the central city –Example: Jersey Village, Sugarland, and Tomball are suburbs of Houston.

Urban to Suburban Migration Beginning in the 1940’s large numbers of people began migrating from cities to surrounding suburbs. What pull and push factors could be responsible for this migration?

Technology affects Migration The invention of air conditioning in 1902 and the widespread use of irrigation opened up many hot and dry regions of the U.S. for increased migration and settlement. Irrigation A/C

Henry Ford and the Model T in 1921

Technology affects Migration The invention of automobile mass production by Henry Ford made the U.S. and Canada more mobile. People could now live further away from work and began to move to the suburbs. Increased mobility led to Urban Sprawl –Poorly planned development that spreads a city’s population over a wider and wider geographic area

Example – Urban to Rural Migration The development of the Internet allows you to create a home office where you can , fax, telephone, and teleconference from the comfort of your own home. Additionally, this allows you to live where ever you want. So you decide to move from your expensive urban home to a more affordable home in rural areas while working from home. READ ONLY

The newest migration pattern is… Urban to Rural Migration Technology (like the internet) allows people to work from home. – This allows people to live anywhere they want. People can now have a home office

Regional Differences

Example – Political Differences A local election adopts a new law that you don’t like (banning cell phones and the internet for people under the age of 18). Many people in your city like the new law so there’s not much chance to change it. In order to escape the new law and the political ideas of the majority, you decide to move to a city that shares your political views. READ ONLY

Political Ideas – some people move based on political views. Example – the NE is more liberal (Democrats), the south is more conservative (Republicans). Political Differences

Example – Tax Differences A new tax law has been created that requires you to pay an additional $ a month in taxes to the state government. Your family cannot afford to pay these additional taxes and their existing bills (like electricity, food, gas, rent…). You hear about a neighboring state that pays very low taxes. You figure out that you and your family can save $ a month in taxes by moving to the other state. So you and your family move to the new state to save money. READ ONLY

Tax Differences Taxes – Some states pay both the federal income tax and a state income tax while others do not. Example – Texas has no state income tax, while New York City has a 10.5% combined State and Local income tax rate 0% Tax Texas New York 0% Tax up to 10.5% Tax

Example – Climate Differences READ ONLY You and your friends are all getting very old and don’t like shoveling snow and slipping on the ice every winter. You all decided that you would like to live in a city with a warmer climate. After studying several climographs to determine the average temperature during the winter months for several different cities, you and your friends decide that Miami, Fl is the right place. It has very warm winters with absolutely NO snow! You sell your house and buy a new apartment on the beach in Miami. You have officially traded in your winter coat for a new swimsuit!!

Climate Differences Climate – Retiring citizens often move to Southern states for a warmer climate Example – Moving from New York to Florida. Chicago WinterMiami Winter

Example – Economic (Job) Differences You and your family grew up in Detroit. You love the city but you haven’t had a job for the last 8 months. You need a job soon so you can pay rent, buy groceries, and keep the electricity on. Your wife receives an from an old friend in Houston, TX who tells you she is hiring some new employees. You hop on the plane for an interview. You get the job and move your family to H-Town! READ ONLY

Economic Differences Jobs – People will move where the best jobs are found Example: People moving from Detroit, Michigan to Houston, Tx in search of jobs

Economic Differences Cities in the Northeast (like Detroit) are losing jobs. While cities in the South (like Houston) are gaining jobs. Moving away from Detroit...Moving to Houston Detroit’s Economy Unemployment = 29% Household Income = $29,109 Pop. Change (since 2000) -11.9% Houston’s Economy Unemployment = 3.8% Household Income = $40,285 Pop. Change (since 2000) +19%

Rust Belt vs. Sun Belt (Northeast) (South) Old Industries New Industries

So how do Regional Differences impact migration? Northeast & Midwest South People are moving from the Northeast & Midwest to the South

Detroit Population Changes over time Detroit Population Change Website! Current population (2008) is only 912,062 Detroit Video