Drugs, Alcohol, and Tobacco Chapters 11 through 14

Drugs as Medicine Sections 1 through 4

Fact or Fiction  Prescription medications can be dangerous, but over-the-counter medicines are safe  The effect Aspirin has on the body depends on why a person takes it  The action of a drug can depend on whether or not it is taken with meals  Generic drugs are exactly the same as their brand-name equivalents only cheaper  People who drink alcohol often need higher doses of certain drugs than other people

Answers  False- all drug use involves risk  False- everyone who takes aspirin receives all of its effects  True  False- people who alcohol may experience enhanced effects from certain drugs, and alcohol consumption make larger amounts of some drugs dangerous  False- generic drugs contain same active ingredients, but may contain different inactive ingredients

Action of drugs  Drugs may help prevent diseases Vaccines  Drugs may help in the cure of a disease Penicillin kills the bacteria  Drugs may make diseases less severe The AIDS cocktail

Factors that change Medicines Effects  the form in which it is taken  The route by which it is taken  Whether it is taken with food or without food  Your dimensions  What other drugs are taken during the same time

Nonprescription (OTC) Medicines  Over the Counter Drugs Drugs legally available without a prescription  Prescription Drugs Drugs legally available only with a physician's order

Overusing and Misuse of OTC  Advertising tends to create a “super pill” persona  Example “Headache” A headache is a form of the body’s unbalance Individuals tend to take a pill to stop the headache rather than focus on the source of the pain (most likely either tension or hunger)

Prescription Medicines  They may be dangerous  The dose might be adjusted to body weight, age, drug use, or other factors  Require guidance to use them correctly  Can be abused

Drugs of Abuse Chapter 12 Sections 1-5

Drug Abuse  Drug Use The taking of a drug for its medically intended purpose, and its appropriate amount frequency, strength, and manner  Drug Misuse The taking of a drug for its medically intended purpose, but not in appropriate amount, frequency, strength or manner

Drug Abuse  Drug Abuse The deliberate taking of a drug for other than a medical purpose and in a manner that can result in damage to a person’s health or ability to function  Recreational Drug Use A term made up, to describe their drug use, by people who claim their drug taking produces no harmful social or health effects

Why Abuse Drugs?  A physical or genetic make up of a person  Peer pressure  Natural curiosity  Low self worth

Addiction  Drug addiction A physical or psychological need for higher and higher doses of a drug  Also called Dependence

Pairing  When a drug activity is paired with a normal activity in everyday life Example  Every time I play video games, I smoke  After every meal I need a cigarette  During my shower, I need a chew

Drugs and the Brain  Drugs produce an euphoric state of mind for the brain  Many drugs release endorphins Chemicals in the brain that produce feelings of pleasure in response to a variety of activities Other activities that produce endorphins are eating, exercising and relaxing

Physical Addiction  A change in the body’s chemistry so that without the presence of a substance, normal functioning begins to fail Body chemistry begins to adjust The addiction requires higher and higher doses of the drug to ward off the symptoms of withdrawal

Psychological Addiction  A strong mental craving of the drug Can occur without physical symptoms Can last for years after the individual has stopped taking the drug

Alcohol Chapter 13

Short Term Effects of Drinking  different for everyone  factors that influence the onset of these effects Body Size and Gender Food Amount and rate of intake

Factors  Body Size and Gender small people feel more effects than larger in general alcohol moves into the bloodstream faster in females.  Food more food in stomach, the more contents there is to absorb the alcohol

Factors  Amount and rate of intake Alcohol breaks down at the same rate, no matter how fast you drink it. Therefore, the faster you drink, the more drunk you become.

Alcohol and Drug Interactions  they DON’T mix  “Multiplier effect” When you add 2 or more drugs together, the drug has stronger or different effects

Alcohol and Drug Interactions  interactions can lead to injury, sickness, and death  alcohol and drug interactions account for about ¼ of all ER admissions.

DUI/DWI  a person is unsafe to drive when their BAC goes over the state minimum. (0h.08 ) BAC, blood alcohol concentration, the amount of a person’s blood expressed as a percentage. when stopped for an DUI/DWI a field sobriety test will be administered

Alcohol Poisoning  a severe and potentially fatal physical reaction to an alcohol overdose.  Alcohol in excess can depress your system so much that it can effect your breathing and the gag reflex.

Effects of Alcohol Poisoning  mental confusion, inability to be roused, vomiting and seizures  slow respiration- 10 seconds between breaths or fewer than 8 breaths a minute  low body temperature  severe dehydration and vomiting

Tobacco Advocacy

Advocacy  The act of pleading or arguing in favor of something, such as a cause, idea, or policy; active support

How to be an Advocate?  Find and influence the target market  Show the facts  Demonstrate the facts in a timely and interesting fashion  Use eye popping and interesting imagines/statements  Make the overall imagine question the health behavior

Anti-Tobacco Advocacy  What is anti-tobacco advocacy? What is anti-tobacco advocacy? Complete Worksheet using one of the three videos

Assignment  Worth twenty points (20 points) Create a poster to be displayed in the school This poster should have…  Minimum of 3 Tobacco facts that are relevant to the target audience (10 points) The student population of Maple Heights High School  Be colorful, clean, and eye popping (5 points)  Place the poster in an area it would be the most attention (5 points)