HOW TO CONTROL CANCER Putting Science into Practice

THE AIM OF CANCER CONTROL Reduction of Cancer Incidence, Morbidity & Mortality by : Prevention Early Diagnosis Treatment Palliative Care REV REV

THE W.H.O. PUBLIC HEALTH MODEL FOR CANCER CONTROL MODEL Assess the magnitude of the cancer problem Evaluate possible strategies for cancer control Choose priorities for initial cancer control activities of prevention, screening, therapy and palliative care Set measurable cancer control objectives REV REV

PRIMARY PREVENTION OF CANCER Tobacco Control Diet Control of Alcohol Consumption Occupation and Environment Infections (viruses and parasites) Reducing Sunlight Exposure Sexual and Reproductive Factors REV REV

PRIMARY PREVENTION Tobacco Control Tobacco Control Education Legislation National Leadership REV REV

PRIMARY PREVENTION DIET DIET Education Legislation National Leadership REV REV

PRIMARY PREVENTION Alcohol Alcohol Education Legislation National Leadership REV REV

PRIMARY PREVENTION Occupational Hazards Occupational Hazards Education Legislation National Leadership REV REV

PRIMARY PREVENTION Viral Hepatitis B Viral Hepatitis B Education Legislation National Leadership REV REV

PRIMARY PREVENTION Overexposure to Sunlight Overexposure to Sunlight Education Legislation National Leadership REV REV

Primary Prevention Sexual and Reproductive Factors Hormonal influences Sexually transmitted diseases REV REV

EARLY DETECTION Education REV

EARLY DETECTION Downstaging REV REV

EARLY DETECTION Downstaging for Cervical Cancer REV Cervical Cancer REV

EARLY DETECTION Downstaging for Oral Cancer REV Oral Cancer REV

EARLY DETECTION Screening REV REV

EARLY DETECTION Screening for Cervical Cancer REV Cervical Cancer REV

EARLY DETECTION Screening for Breast Cancer REV Breast Cancer REV

EARLY DETECTION Esophagus Stomach Colon and rectum Liver Lung Ovary Bladder Prostate

TREATMENT Surgery Radiotherapy Chemotherapy General principles REVGeneral principles REV

TREATMENT The Role of Surgery REVSurgery REV

TREATMENT The Role of Radiation Therapy REV

TREATMENT The Role of Chemotherapy REV Chemotherapy REV

TREATMENT The Role of Hormonal Therapy REV Hormonal Therapy REV

TREATMENT The Role of Biological Therapy REV Biological Therapy REV

TREATMENT How Effective is Cancer Treatment ? REVEffective REV

TREATMENT Policies –Treatment Policies –Referral Policies REV REV

PALLIATIVE CARE Palliative Medicine is the study and management of patients with active, progressive, far-advanced disease for whom the prognosis is limited and the focus of care is the quality of life.” Doyle et al (Eds). Oxford Textbook of Palliative Medicine. P3. Oxford University Press, Oxford, REVPalliative Medicine REV

SUMMARY Cancer is a Disease of Lifestyle With Both Host Resistance and Genetic Components 60-80% of the Risk factors for Cancer are Avoidable Putting Science Into Practice Leads to a Public Health Approach for Cancer Control Which Integrates Prevention, Screening, Treatment and Palliation at the National Level