Chapter 1 Africa Landforms and Geography

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Presentation transcript:

Chapter 1 Africa Landforms and Geography Section 1 Land and Water

I. Africa’s Regions and Landforms Africa is broken up into more than 50 countries and 4 major regions North, West, East and Central/Southern Africa

A. Four Regions The North is marked by large Rocky Mountains and one of the largest deserts in the world the Sahara West Africa is mostly grassland and is the most populated area of Africa here farming is the main way of life East Africa is mostly plateaus and Mountains Central and Southern Africa is filled with Swamps, rain forests, and large deserts

B. Plateau Continent Africa is called the plateau continent since much of its land is raised flat lands often covered with deserts and rain forests that lead up to mountains The highest mountain is Kilimanjaro in Tanzania

C. Coastal Plains Edge the Continent There is a strip of coastal plains that edge the Continent, this area is mostly dry and sandy but at times turns to swamp

D. Great Rift Valley This valley is formed at the bottom of Mount Kilimanjaro, it acts a huge trench and stretches nearly 4,000 miles

II. Africa’s rivers Four large rivers carry water from the mountains to the sea The Nile, the Congo, the Zambezi, and the Niger(ny-jur) rivers

A. The Nile in Africa The Nile is the longest river in the world and is over 4000 miles long Just like Egypt the Nile in Africa also is filled with rapids (remember we called these cataracts) and it has many tributaries

B. Farming Along the Nile Like in Egypt farming is great near the Nile river, and again the annual flooding causes what??? To help fertilize the land around the river??? They also use the powerful flow of the Nile to build dams which can allow for the creation of electricity

C. The Congo river The Congo flows through the Rain Forests of central Africa The Congo is also a great area for farming but also fishing (tiger fish)

The Zambezi river This river is the shortest in Africa at 2200 miles but can be one of the hardest to travel with only 460 miles that can be maneuvered by boat because of its rapids and waterfalls This river leads us to one of the 7 wonders of the world in Victoria Falls