1 © Unitec New Zealand Overview Of Embedded Hardware ETEC 6416 Date: - 03 Aug, 2011

Lecturer Nigel Yee, Wayne Holmes - 2 © Unitec New Zealand

3 DateWeekTopicLabs 31 July,141 Overview Computer Architecture/ Microcontroller Architecture 7 Aug,142Serial Input/ outputMPLAB Tutorial, Picket2 programmer 14 Aug,143CRC and Serial Communication Hardware Output labs using C language to implement communication between 2 nodes on RS485/232 network 21 Aug,144Parallel Communication Output labs uses CRC to check data integrity on RS485 network 28 Aug,145SPI using PIC16f877a master and PIC slaveLab using the SPI master slave 4 Sept,146SPI using PIC16f877a master and PIC slave Lab using SPI LCD and seven segment display 11 Sept,147SPI using PIC16f877a master and PIC slave Lab using SPI LCD and seven segment display 18 Sept,148PIC I2C master interfacing with slaveAssignment 1 due 25 Sept,149PIC I2C master interfacing with slaveReal time clock lab 2 Oct,1410Interrupts and flags coding techniques Compartor labs 9 Oct, 1411 Break 17 Oct, Oct, 1413Analogue to Digital and MotorsDriving motors 30 Nov, 1414PWM Interrupts and motorsA/D convertor labs 9 Nov,1415No lecture, working on your assignment 16 Nov,1416Assignment 2 submission

Assignment 1 Electronic Smart House Data Acquisition and Monitoring System 4 © Unitec New Zealand Pic 16f877a Start/stop Score Player1 Pic 16f877a

Line follower robot Assignment 2 =relatedhttp:// =related 5 © Unitec New Zealand

Reference Books Morton, J. (2005). The PIC Microcontroller: Your Personal Introductory Course. 3 rd Newnes. Barnett, R. H., Cox, S. & O'Cull, L. (2004). Embedded C Programming and the Microchip PIC. Thomson Delmar Learning. 6 © Unitec New Zealand

7 Word of Caution No plagiarism “should submit your assignment to turnitin”. IEEE referencing Report should be relevant and coherent. You should use proper academic English in order to get good grade

What is an Embedded System???? And What we mean by System???? 8 © Unitec New Zealand

9 System Definition A way of working, organizing or performing one or many tasks according to a fixed set of rules, program or plan. "Embedded Systems - ", Raj Kamal, Publs.: McGraw-Hill Education

10 © Unitec New Zealand System Definition Also an arrangement in which all units assemble and work together according to a program or plan. "Embedded Systems - ", Raj Kamal, Publs.: McGraw-Hill Education

11 © Unitec New Zealand Examples Time display system – A watch Automatic cloth washing system – A washing machine

12 © Unitec New Zealand Embedded System 1. “An embedded system is a system that has software embedded into computer-hardware, which makes a system dedicated for an application (s) or specific part of an application or product or part of a larger system.” "Embedded Systems - ", Raj Kamal, Publs.: McGraw-Hill Education

13 © Unitec New Zealand Embedded System Definition 2. “An embedded system is one that has a dedicated purpose software embedded in a computer hardware.” "Embedded Systems - ", Raj Kamal, Publs.: McGraw-Hill Education

Embedded System definition 3. “It is a dedicated computer based system for an application(s) or product. It may be an independent system or a part of large system. Its software usually embeds into a ROM (Read Only Memory) or flash.” 14 © Unitec New Zealand "Embedded Systems - ", Raj Kamal, Publs.: McGraw-Hill Education

Embedded System Definition “It is any device that includes a programmable computer but is not itself intended to be a general purpose computer.” – Wayne Wolf, 15 © Unitec New Zealand "Embedded Systems - ", Raj Kamal, Publs.: McGraw-Hill Education

Embedded System Definition “Embedded Systems are the electronic systems that contain a microprocessor or a microcontroller, but we do not think of them as computers– the computer is hidden or embedded in the system.” – Todd D. Morton 16 © Unitec New Zealand "Embedded Systems - ", Raj Kamal, Publs.: McGraw-Hill Education

17 © Unitec New Zealand Computing systems are everywhere Most of us think of “desktop” computers –PC’s –Laptops –Mainframes –Servers But there’s another type of computing system –Far more common... But have never seen Embedded systems overview

18 © Unitec New Zealand Embedded Computing systems Embedded computing systems –Computing systems embedded within electronic devices –Hard to define. Nearly any computing system other than a desktop computer –Billions of units produced yearly, versus millions of desktop units –Perhaps 50 per household and per automobile Computers are in here... and here... and even here... Lots more of these, though they cost a lot less each.

19 © Unitec New Zealand Applications And the list goes on and on Anti-lock brakes Auto-focus cameras Automatic teller machines Automatic toll systems Automatic transmission Avionic systems Battery chargers Camcorders Cell phones Cell-phone base stations Cordless phones Cruise control Curbside check-in systems Digital cameras Disk drives Electronic card readers Electronic instruments Electronic toys/games Factory control Fax machines Fingerprint identifiers Home security systems Life-support systems Medical testing systems Modems MPEG decoders Network cards Network switches/routers On-board navigation Pagers Photocopiers Point-of-sale systems Portable video games Printers Satellite phones Scanners Smart ovens/dishwashers Speech recognizers Stereo systems Teleconferencing systems Televisions Temperature controllers Theft tracking systems TV set-top boxes VCR’s, DVD players Video game consoles Video phones Washers and dryers

20 © Unitec New Zealand Embedded systems: - Common characteristics Single-functioned –Executes a single program, repeatedly Tightly-constrained –Low cost, low power, small, fast, etc. Reactive and real-time –Continually reacts to changes in the system’s environment –Must compute certain results in real-time without delay

21 © Unitec New Zealand Microcontroller CCD preprocessor Pixel coprocessor A2D D2A JPEG codec DMA controller Memory controller ISA bus interface UART LCD ctrl Display ctrl Multiplier/Accum Digital camera chip lens CCD Single-functioned -- always a digital camera Tightly-constrained -- Low cost, low power, small, fast Reactive and real-time -- only to a small extent Digital Camera : - An embedded System