College of Computer and Information Science Chapter 1 Information Technology, The Internet, and You

College of Computer and Information Science 1-2 Key Words & Terms application software: 应用软件 basic application: 基本应用软件 communication device: 通讯设备 compact disc （ CD ） : 紧凑格式盘 computer competency: 计算机技能 connectivity: 连通, 连通性 data: 数据 database file: 数据库文件 desktop computer: 台式计算机 digital versatile (video) disc: DVD, 数字式通用盘 document file: 文档文件 end user: 终端用户 floppy disk: 软盘

College of Computer and Information Science 1-3 Key Words & Terms handheld computer: 手提电脑 hard disk: 硬盘 hardware: 硬件 high definition (hi def): 高清 ( 高清晰度 ) information: 信息 information system: 信息系统 information technology (IT) : 信息技术 input device: 输入设备 Internet: 互联网 keyboard: 键盘 mainframe computer: 大型机 memory: 内存 microcomputer: 微型计算机 microprocessor: 微处理器

College of Computer and Information Science 1-4 Key Words & Terms midrange computer: 中型机 minicomputer: 小型机 modem (modulator & demodulator): 调制解调器 monitor: 监视器 mouse: 鼠标 network: 网络 notebook computer: 笔记本电脑 operating system (OS): 操作系统 optical disk: 光盘 output device: 输出设备 palm computer: 掌上电脑 personal digital assistant (PDA): 个人数字化助理 presentation file: 演示文稿 primary storage: 主存 printer: 打印机

College of Computer and Information Science 1-5 Key Words & Terms procedures: 过程 / 用户文档 program: 程序 random access memory (RAM): 可读写内存 secondary storage device: 辅助存储设备 software: 软件 specialized application: 专用应用软件 supercomputer: 超级计算机 system software: 系统软件 system unit: 系统单元 tablet PC: 带手写板的笔记本电脑 utility: 工具软件 Web: 网 wireless revolution: 无线（通讯）革命 worksheet file: 工作表文件

College of Computer and Information Science 1-6 Competencies (Page 1 of 2) Explain the five parts of an information system: people, procedures, software, hardware, and data. Distinguish between system software and application software. Discuss the three kinds of system software programs. Distinguish between basic and specialized application software. Identify the four types of computers and the four type of microcomputers. Page 2

College of Computer and Information Science 1-7 Competencies (Page 2 of 2) Describe the different types of computer hardware including the system unit, input, output, storage, and communication devices. Define data and describe document, worksheet, database, and presentation files. Explain computer connectivity, the wireless revolution, and the Internet. Page 2

College of Computer and Information Science 1-8 Introduction Computer competency refers to acquiring computer- related skills Microcomputers are common tools in all areas of life New forms of learning have developed New ways to communicate, to find people with similar interests, and to buy goods are available. Page 3

College of Computer and Information Science 1-9 Five Parts of an Information System 1.People 2.Procedures 3.Software 4.Hardware 5.Data Page 4

College of Computer and Information Science 1-10 People Most important part of any system Contact is … –Direct –Indirect Computer uses –Business & Entertainment –Education & Medicine Page 6

College of Computer and Information Science 1-11 Software AKA Programs Two major kinds of software –System SoftwareSystem Software –Application SoftwareApplication Software Page 7

College of Computer and Information Science 1-12 System Software A collection of programs-not a single program Enables the application software to interact with the hardware “Background software” that helps the computer manage its own resources Return Page 8

College of Computer and Information Science 1-13 Application Software End-user software Two major categories –Basic Application or General purpose –Specialized applications Page 9

College of Computer and Information Science 1-14 Hardware - Types of Computers Supercomputers Mainframe computers Minicomputers (also known as mid-range computers) Microcomputers Page 10

College of Computer and Information Science 1-15 Microcomputer Types Desktop Notebook or laptop Tablet PC Handheld Page 11

College of Computer and Information Science 1-16 Desktop Computers Desktop computers are small enough to fit on top of or alongside a desk yet are too big to carry around Return Page 11

College of Computer and Information Science 1-17 Notebook or Laptop Computers Notebook computers, also known as laptop computers, are portable, lightweight, and fit into most briefcases Return Page 11

College of Computer and Information Science 1-18 Tablet PC A tablet PC is a type of notebook computer that accepts your handwriting. This input is digitized and converted to standard text that can be further processed by programs such as a word processor. Return Page 11

College of Computer and Information Science 1-19 Handheld Are the smallest and are also known as palm computers. These systems typically combine pen input, writing recognition, personal organizational tools, and communications capabilities. Personal digital assistants (PDA’s) are the most widely used handheld computer. Page 11

College of Computer and Information Science 1-20 Microcomputer Hardware Four basic categories of equipment: –System UnitSystem Unit –Input/OutputInput/Output –Secondary StorageSecondary Storage –CommunicationCommunication Page 11

College of Computer and Information Science 1-21 System Unit Two important components –Microprocessor –Memory Page 12 Return

College of Computer and Information Science 1-22 Input/Output Devices Common input devices are the keyboard and the mouse Common output devices are printers and monitors Page 12 Return

College of Computer and Information Science 1-23 Secondary Storage Page 13 Return Unlike memory, secondary storage holds data and programs even if electrical power is not available The most important types of secondary media are floppy, hard, and optical disks

College of Computer and Information Science 1-24 Communications Page 13 Communication Devices provide microcomputers with the ability to communicate with other computer systems across the globe The modem is the most widely used communication device Modems modify telephone communications into a form that can be processed by a computer Modems also modify computer output into a form that can be transmitted across standard telephone lines

College of Computer and Information Science 1-25 Data Raw, unprocessed facts Processed data becomes information Stored electronically in files –Document filesDocument files –Worksheet filesWorksheet files –Database filesDatabase files –Presentation filesPresentation files Page 14

College of Computer and Information Science 1-26 Document Files Created by word processors to save documents such as memos, term papers, and letters Return Page 14

College of Computer and Information Science 1-27 Worksheet Files Created by electronic spreadsheets to analyze things like budgets and to predict sales Return Page 14

College of Computer and Information Science 1-28 Database Files Typically created by database management programs to contain highly structured and organized data Return Page 14

College of Computer and Information Science 1-29 Presentation Files Created by presentation graphics programs to save presentation materials. For example, a file might contain audience handouts, speaker notes, and electronic slides. Page 15

College of Computer and Information Science 1-30 Connectivity, the Wireless Revolution, and the Internet Connectivity –Sharing of information –Wireless communication is becoming popular Computer networks –Connected communication system of computers –Largest network is the Internet Page 15

College of Computer and Information Science 1-31 Careers In IT For a complete listing of careers, visit keyword: careers Page 16

College of Computer and Information Science 1-32 Discussion Questions (Page 1 of 2) Explain the five parts of an information system. What part do people play in this system? What is system software? What kinds of programs are included in system software? Define and compare basic and specialized application software. Describe some different types of basic applications. Describe some types of specialized applications. Page 24

College of Computer and Information Science 1-33 Describe the different types of computers. What is the most common type? What are the types of microcomputers? What is connectivity? How are the wireless revolution and connectivity related? What is a computer network? What is the Internet? What is the Web? Page 24 Discussion Questions (Page 2 of 2)

College of Computer and Information Science 1-34 Crossword Puzzle Answers: Across Num.ClueAnswer 1 The most essential part of an information system. People 7 Coordinates computer resources. Operating System 10 Modifies signals for processing. Modem 12 Data that has been processed by the computer. Information 13 Unprocessed facts. Data 14 Notebook computer that accepts handwritten input.. Tablet PC Down Nu m. ClueAnswer 2 Uses computers to become more productive. End User 3 Rules or guidelines to follow when using software, hardware, and data. Procedures 4 Created by word processors. Document Files 5 Specialized programs that allow input and output devices to communicate. Device Drivers 6 Created by database management programs. Database Files 8 The physical equipment of a microcomputer. Hardware 9 The world’s largest computer network. Internet 11 Provides step-by-step instructions to the computer. Software

College of Computer and Information Science 1-35 Answers for Multiple Choice and Matching NumMultiple Choice AnswersMatching Answers 1BE 2BF 3AI 4BH 5DA 6DC 7AG 8CB 9DD 10DJ

College of Computer and Information Science 1-36 The End of Chapter 1