Surrealism The Art of Self Discovery

The Birth of Surrealism  Surrealism evolved from the Dada movement shortly after WWI.  Andre Breton, a French Doctor who served in WWI, led the movement (although he was a writer, not a painter).  Surrealist artists were interested in the writings of psychoanalysts like Sigmund Freud and Carl Jung.  Surrealists used the subconscious mind and dreams as the inspiration for a new type of art.

What is Surrealism?  The word surreal means bizarre or dreamlike.  Realism describes art that is depicted as true to natural life as possible: realistic Surrealism = realistic objects in a bizarre or dreamlike setting Surrealism = realistic objects in a bizarre or dreamlike setting

Giorgio de Chirico  Greek-Italian proto- surrealist painter  Studied art at the Academy of Fine Arts in Munich, Germany  Often painted the piazzas and archways of the city of Turin, Italy during his “Metaphysical” phase  Influenced the Surrealist artists Max Ernst, Salvador Dalí, and René Magritte

The Enigma of a Day

The Song of Love

The Evil Genius of a King

The Seer

Salvador Dali  Very famous and influential Spanish Surrealist  Admired Pablo Picasso and did his early paintings in a cubist style  Dali was very eccentric and was kicked out of school for his behavior.  He was often at odds with other Surrealists because of his political views.

The Persistence of Memory

Sleep

Car Clothing

Madonna with a Mystical Rose

Gala’s Castle at Pubol

René Magritte  Belgian Surrealist  Worked as a poster and advertisement designer until he was able to be a full time painter.  His first painting was ridiculed, so he moved to Paris where he met Andre Breton and became involved with the Surrealists.  Later returned to Brussels and remained there during WWII  Often painted ordinary objects in unusual juxtapositions

The Portrait

The Treachery of Images

The Human Condition

La Durée Poignardée

The Son of Man

Golconde

Other Surrealist Artists  Francis Picabia French Painter  Francis Picabia French Painter Francis Picabia Francis Picabia  Jean Arp German/French Painter/Sculptor Jean Arp Jean Arp  Marcel Duchamp French/American Conceptual Artist Marcel Duchamp Marcel Duchamp  Paul Nash English Painter  Paul Nash English Painter Paul Nash Paul Nash  Man Ray American Photographer/Painter Man Ray Man Ray  Max Ernst German/French Painter Max Ernst Max Ernst  Alberto Savinio Greek/Italian Painter  Alberto Savinio Greek/Italian Painter Alberto Savinio Alberto Savinio  Joan Miro Spanish Painter/Sculptor Claude Cahun French Photographer Joan Miro Claude Cahun Joan Miro Claude Cahun  Andre Breton French Writer/Artist Andre Breton Andre Breton  Andre Masson French Painter  Andre Masson French Painter Andre Masson Andre Masson  Paul Delvaux Belgian Painter Paul Delvaux Paul Delvaux  Kay Sage American Painter  Kay Sage American Painter Kay Sage Kay Sage  Pavel Tchelitchew Russian Painter Pavel Tchelitchew Pavel Tchelitchew  Eileen Agar British Painter  Eileen Agar British Painter Eileen AgarEileen Agar  Yves Tanguy French/American Painter  Yves Tanguy French/American Painter Yves Tanguy Yves Tanguy  Alberto Giacometti Swiss Painter/Sculptor Alberto Giacometti Alberto Giacometti  Stanley William Hayter British Painter  Stanley William Hayter British Painter Stanley William Hayter Stanley William Hayter  Hans Bellmer German/French  Hans Bellmer German/French Hans Bellmer Hans Bellmer  Boris Margo Ukrainian/American Painter/Printmaker  Boris Margo Ukrainian/American Painter/Printmaker Boris Margo Boris Margo  Victor Brauner Romanian Painter Victor Brauner Victor Brauner  Oscar Dominguez Spanish Painter  Oscar Dominguez Spanish Painter Oscar Dominguez Oscar Dominguez  Remedios Varo Spanish/Mexican Painter  Remedios Varo Spanish/Mexican Painter Remedios Varo Remedios Varo  Enrico Donati Born 1909 American Painter  Enrico Donati Born 1909 American Painter Enrico Donati Enrico Donati  Wilhelm Freddie Danish  Wilhelm Freddie Danish Wilhelm Freddie Wilhelm Freddie  Dorothea Tanning Born 1910 American Painter/Sculptor  Dorothea Tanning Born 1910 American Painter/Sculptor Dorothea Tanning Dorothea Tanning  Roberto Matta Chilean/French Painter  Roberto Matta Chilean/French Painter Roberto Matta Roberto Matta  Meret Oppenheim German/Swiss  Meret Oppenheim German/Swiss Meret Oppenheim Meret Oppenheim  Sven Dalsgaard Danish Painter  Sven Dalsgaard Danish Painter Sven Dalsgaard Sven Dalsgaard  James Gleeson Born 1915 Australian Painter  James Gleeson Born 1915 Australian Painter James Gleeson James Gleeson  Leonora Carrington Born 1917 British/Mexican Painter/Writer Leonora Carrington Leonora Carrington  Arnulf Rainer Born 1929 Austrian  Arnulf Rainer Born 1929 Austrian Arnulf RainerArnulf Rainer  Rodolfo Opazo Bernales Born 1935 Chilean Painter Rodolfo Opazo Bernales Rodolfo Opazo Bernales

Surrealism Project  Lesson: Surrealism Project  Objectives: Student is to complete a drawing of the five items chosen from the box. The drawing should be “dreamlike” or “surrealism”. Student is to use all artistic techniques correctly. Student is to follow all directions and guidelines for the Project.  Materials: Drawing Paper, Pencil, Colored Pencils, Markers  Focus/Model: Multiple works from Salvador Dali and past student works.  Vocabulary: Surrealism, Visions, Juxtaposition, Dada, Symbolism  Procedure: Student is to design and create a full color Surrealist from the five objects picked out of the box. Student is to visualize a dreamlike environment for this piece of art. Student’s artwork must include the five items but may include others also. Must be a full color drawing and the size must be 18” X 12”  Evaluation: Did the student show an understanding of the artistic concepts taught? Did the student use time and materials wisely? Did the student follow directions and guidelines? Did the student create a piece of artwork of personal significance?

Student Examples