Prof. Megan Garedakis

Macon’s Bill No. 2 Tecumseh STARRED TERMS

President after Jefferson’s second term ended in 1809 (handpicked by Jefferson to replace him) Due to the inefficacy of the embargo placed against Britain under Jefferson, Madison adopted a new policy: Macon’s Bill #2 (or, no.2) which allowed trade to resume (with some restrictions) In the spring of 1812, Madison re- imposed the trade embargo with Britain after an increase in British attacks on American vessels JAMES MADISON

1768—1813 Shawnee Family history of defending their lands against white settlers, beginning in the 1780s Allied with the British during the American Revolution Did not sign the Treaty of Greenville (a document that ceded the Ohio River Valley territory to the U.S. Younger brother, Tenskwatawa Fought William Henry Harrison We see this come to a zenith at The Battle of Tippecanoe in 1811, where Tecumseh’s brother, Tenskwatawa, led a confederacy of Native Americans against Harrison. Harrison ultimately won, but increased frontier violence resulted TECUMSEH

War with United States and its Allies (Choctaw, Cherokee, and Creek Allies) versus The British Empire and its Native American allies (Shawnee, Iroquois, et al.) Ended with the defeat of Tecumseh’s confederacy and plans for an independent Native American territory Origins: The Chesapeake Affair Britain restricted America’s trade with France Forced recruitment of U.S. sailors into the British Royal Navy Britain’s allegiance with Native Americans’ raids on U.S. citizens Unites States possible desire to annex Canada and/or expand west WAR OF 1812 (JUNE 18, 1812 – FEBRUARY 18, 1815)

Primary Sources: James Madison’s papers at the Library of Congress: roommaterials/connections/james- madison/file.html roommaterials/connections/james- madison/file.html The Ohio River Valley: roommaterials/connections/ohio- valley/history7.html roommaterials/connections/ohio- valley/history7.html Collection of Lithographs digitized by the Maryland Historical Society: earch/collection/mhwe earch/collection/mhwe Secondary Sources/Media: History channel videos: war-of war-of-1812 USS Constitution Museum summary of the war and its origins: um.org/about- us/bicentennial/short-history- 1812/ um.org/about- us/bicentennial/short-history- 1812/ Library of Congress Informational Webpage: bib/1812/ bib/1812/ PRIMARY SOURCES AND LINKS FOR JAMES MADISON / THE WAR OF 1812