1. The War
of 1812

2. Causes of the
War?

3. 1. The Never Ending Fight…
Jefferson’s popularity soars after the LA Purchase.
He wins reelection in 1804.
Britain and France were fighting.
War threatened American shipping industry.
1806- Napoleon (leader of France)
Refuses British goods
Britain put up a naval blockade
Referred to as Napoleonic Wars

4. America gets mad… America focuses its anger on Britain. Impressment
British would seize American ships and draft them into the navy to aid in their fight against France.

5. 2. Chesapeake Incident June, 1807
British Captain fired on the USS Chesapeake.
3 dead, 18 wounded
British Foreign Office said it was a mistake.
Jefferson’s Response:
Convinced Congress to declare and embargo- a ban on exporting products to other countries.
He assumed this would hurt Britain financially and force them to recognize America’s neutrality.
Backfired after a while…America lost money and Congress lifted the order in 1809.

6. Chesapeake vs. Leopard

7. 3. The Non-Intercourse Act (1809)
Replaced the Embargo Act.
Reopened trade with all nations EXCEPT Britain and France.
Remained U. S. policy until 1812.
Unexpected Consequences:
New England was forced to become self-sufficient again [old factories reopened].
Laid the groundwork for U.S. industrial power.

8. 4. Tecumseh’s Confederacy
1809
U.S. General William Henry Harrison
Governor of the Indiana Territory
He invited several Native American chiefs to Fort Wayne, Indiana to sign away 3 million acres of tribal land to the U.S. government.
Shawnee chief, Tecumseh decided to form an alliance with other tribe leaders against western settlers.
He started negotiations w/ the British for assistance in a future war w/ the Americans.

9. 5. The War Hawks Tecumseh’s brother led an attack on Harrison.
Near the Tippecanoe River, Harrison burned the Shawnee capital.
Harrison became a national hero for the “Battle of Tippecanoe”.
War Hawks
Young representatives in Congress from South and West
Learned that Tecumseh’s Confederacy was using British weapons they got from Canada.
They wanted war against Britain.

10. Speaker of the House of Reps.
“On to Canada!”
John C. Calhoun [SC]
Henry Clay [KY]
Speaker of the House of Reps.

13. Presidential Election of 1808
New State: Ohio

14. James Madison Becomes President
Dolly

15. America's Second War for Independence?
Madison believed Britain was trying to stop or limit American trade and cripple the economy.
Congress approved the war declaration in 1812.

16. Presidential Election of 1812
New State: Louisiana!!!

17. American Problems The U.S. military was unprepared:
Had a 16-ship Navy vs. Britain’s 800 ships.
Financially unprepared:
Flood of paper $.
Revenue from imports declined.
Regional disagreements.

18. Overview of the War

19. 1813

20. The White House Is Burning; The British Are Coming, AGAIN
The White House Is Burning; The British Are Coming, AGAIN!! (August 24, 1814)
British were burning towns all along the Atlantic Coast.
They entered Washington, D.C.
They retaliated for the Americans burning a governor’s mansion in Canada.

21. Battle of Fort McHenry, 1814
“And the rockets red glare The bombs bursting in air…” Francis Scott Key

22. The Battle of New Orleans, 1815
General Andrew Jackson from TN
Gained fame form winning 4 battles
This was his most famous battle
Hundreds of British died while only a handful of Americans died.

23. Treaty of Ghent December 24, 1814
Declared an Armistice- an end to fighting.
1815
Trade reopened between U.S. and Britain.
49th Parallel- Northern boundary
Rocky Mountains were Western boundary.
10 year joint occupation of the Oregon Territory.