TODAY’S TITLE: #30 Early Hebrews WAR: Define the following words- Judaism, Exodus, and the Ten Commandments. Judaism- religion of the Hebrews, world’s oldest monotheistic, and is practiced by Jews today. Exodus- the journey of the Israelites led by Moses from Egypt to Canaan after they were freed from slavery The Ten Commandments- code of moral laws given to Moses by God

 The Hebrews were ancestors of the Israelites and the Jews.  Israelite population was small, but their religion would one day affect the world.*

 Modern religion is called Judaism**  Wrote much of their history and religious beliefs in what became known as the Hebrew Bible, which is very similar to the Old Testament in the Christian Bible.

 Most Israelites were herders and traders  Believed they were descended from a man named Abraham.*  Some Israelites left and went to Egypt possibly because there was a famine in Canaan.

 Life was not good in Egypt*  The pharaoh’s daughter found the baby & named him Moses  Moses grew up to lead the Israelites out of Egypt.

 God sent 10 plagues to trouble Egypt, so the pharaoh would let the Israelites go.*  **Passover – Jews celebration to remember how God “passed over” their homes during the 10 th plague and delivered them from Egypt.

 Pharaoh changed his mind & sent his army after Moses & the Israelites.  According to the Bible, God parted the Red Sea for his people to pass but drowned Pharaoh’s army  This journey is called “The Exodus” **

 During the Israelites journey through the Sinai desert, Moses went to the top of Mt. Sinai  There, he received laws from God. These laws were known as the Torah. These laws became the first part of the Hebrew Bible.  The Torah described a covenant* with God.  The most important part of the Torah is the Ten Commandments.**

HW: Finish your WIO for today. TODAY’S TITLE: #31 Early Hebrews Part 2 WAR: Answer the questions for the map on page 203.

 Israelites retake Canaan after their return from Egypt  Mid- 1000s BC- Philistines invade Israelite land  King David won support of his people to become king and defeated the Philistines  Established the capital of Jerusalem

 Son of David  Expanded the kingdom and made Egypt and Phoenicia his allies  Made Israel rich with trade  Built the Great Temple of Jerusalem  Known for being very wise

Read the text that I am providing for you in the paper protectors. As you read, highlight dates and the event that goes with that date using your Expo marker. Then we will compare our highlighting with a partner.

Create an illustrated timeline using the dates that you have highlighted from the text for “Invaders Conquer and Rule”. Your timeline should have at least 5 events.

 Had few rights  Had to obey husbands and fathers  Husband was chosen by father  Couldn’t inherit property unless there were no brothers  Important Jewish women: Esther, Deborah, and Miriam  Ruth- model of devotion and how women should behave

HW: Complete Workbook pages TODAY’S TITLE: #18 Jewish Beliefs WAR: Look at the painting on page 209. Answer the following question: How are the Hebrews destroying the golden calf?

Read pages (Stop at Texts…) and take notes on the graphic organizer that is shown below. Be detailed, but try not to write word for word! Belief in 1 GodEducation Justice and RighteousnessReligious and Moral Law

Belief in one god Oldest monotheistic religion in the world – belief in one God Believed God directed their path through Abraham and Moses Worship shaped Jewish society Education Learning the basic of Judaism was super important Boys learned from older teachers, but not girls Education has remained very important Justice and Righteousness Justice meant kindness and fairness in dealing with others Jews are expected to help everyone Behave properly even when others aren’t. Focused on behavior – not rituals Religious and Moral Law Guides all of their decisions Most important law was 10 Commandments Mosaic law tell people how to pray and celebrate holidays Rest on the Sabbath day (Fri-Sat night)

Design an informational poster in small groups about your category. You need the following:  Title  Explanation/List of beliefs in that category  Visuals/Pictures that reflect your category  How does this influence our world today?

 Torah: most sacred text in Judaism that explains their laws in 5 books. Kept in synagogues, Jewish temples.  Hebrew Bible: contains the Torah, 8 books about the Jewish prophets (messengers of God), and then 11 books of poetry, songs, stories, lessons, and history.  Commentaries- explanations of Jewish writings (example- Talmud

 Found in 1947 by a young boy in a cave  The hot and dry desert climate helped preserve the scrolls, which contained writings by Jews from 2000 years ago  Included prayers, commentaries, letters, and passages from the Bible  A great find for historians!

 Christianity- Jesus’ teachings reflect Jewish ideas (Jesus was Jewish!)  Islam- believe they are also descendants of Abraham  Many people use the 10 Commandments as a guide for living  Not working on weekends comes from the Jewish belief of not working on the Sabbath (Thank you Judaism!)  Giving to the poor is also an important Jewish belief we try to live by

 Jews hated Roman rule because they thought they should answer to no one but God  Zealots (Jewish rebels) led a revolt against the Romans in AD 66  Lasted 4 years and caused much damage  Jerusalem was in ruins  Romans burned the 2 nd Temple in AD 70 to stop the fighting

 1000 Zealots refused to give up after the temple burning  Locked themselves in a mountain fortress called Masada  Romans had to build a ramp to reach it  Masada held out for 2 years, but eventually the Romans got through in AD 73  The Zealots committed suicide to avoid becoming Roman slaves

 Many Jews were killed  Others put into slavery  Jewish government is dissolved  Many left Jerusalem because the temple of destroyed  Jewish communities formed in other parts of the Roman Empire

 Around AD 130, a 2 nd revolt is started by Jews still living in Jerusalem  Defeated by the Romans…again  Results- Jews are banned from Jerusalem permanently or they would be killed  More Jewish communities form in the Mediterranean region

 Local synagogues became more important  Rabbis (Jewish teachers) took on bigger roles in guiding Jews  Yohanen ben Zaccai founded a school for rabbis  Jews were often discriminated against and were often forced to move to other places such as Asia, Russia, and the US.

 Because of all these different Jewish communities around the world, cultural differences began to appear within Judaism  Developed their own languages, rituals, and cultures

 Made up of Jews who moved to France, Germany, and eastern Europe during the Diaspora  Had communities separate from non-Jews  Developed Yiddish, a Jewish language similar to German

 Made up of Jews who moved to Spain and Portugal in Western Europe  Developed Ladino, a that is a mix of Spanish, Hebrew, and Arabic  Lived in mixed communities  Produced a golden age of Jewish cultures in the AD 1000s and 1100s in which poetry, math, astronomy, medicine, and philosophy grew