Warm-Up Get out you answers to the citizen test. Get out you answers to the citizen test.

Unit 4: Citizenship Part 1: What is an American Citizen

How do we know you are a citizen?

Civics The study of the rights and duties of citizens The study of the rights and duties of citizens How citizens interact with their governmentHow citizens interact with their government

What is a Citizen? A member of a community who owes loyalty to a government and is entitled to protection from it. A member of a community who owes loyalty to a government and is entitled to protection from it.

Is this statement accurate? A citizen is someone who lives in a country. A citizen is someone who lives in a country. NO: Being a citizen entails more than just living in a country. It also includes those who live abroad. Also, someone may be living in the USA and not be a citizen.

What does citizenship entail? The rights and duties of members of a state. The rights and duties of members of a state.

Duty Something we have to do Something we have to do

Responsibility Something we ought to do Something we ought to do

Duties and Responsibilities DutiesResponsibilities Register for the draft Register for the draft Serve Jury Duty Serve Jury Duty Attend School (up to 16) Attend School (up to 16) Pay Taxes Pay Taxes Obey Laws Obey Laws Practice Toleration Practice Toleration Be informed and vote Be informed and vote Attend School (>16) Attend School (>16) Participate in community and gov. Participate in community and gov. Respect rights and property of others Respect rights and property of others Volunteer Volunteer

Who are the citizens of the United States? Natural born citizens Natural born citizens Born on US soilBorn on US soil Parents are US citizenParents are US citizen E Pluribus unum – Out of many, one E Pluribus unum – Out of many, one

The New Colossus The New Colossus

Immigrant A person who moves permanently to another country A person who moves permanently to another country All Americans are descendents of immigrants All Americans are descendents of immigrants My ancestors come from Germany, Ireland, Britain, and ScotlandMy ancestors come from Germany, Ireland, Britain, and Scotland

Conclusion Using what you learned yesterday… What does it mean to be an effective citizen? Be sure to reference what we discussed in class, as well as including your own opinion.

Immigration The introduction of new people into a population The introduction of new people into a population Immigrants today come from all continents (except Antarctica)Immigrants today come from all continents (except Antarctica)

Immigration to America

Reasons for Immigration Religious Religious Political Political Wealth Wealth Forced Forced Opportunity Opportunity

Religious To be able to practice their religious beliefs without fear of persecution To be able to practice their religious beliefs without fear of persecution

Political To escape the injustices of despotism (authoritarian governments) To escape the injustices of despotism (authoritarian governments)

Wealth In search of precious metals, cash crops and land In search of precious metals, cash crops and land

Forced Millions of Africans were forced to migrate as a cheap source of labor (slavery) Millions of Africans were forced to migrate as a cheap source of labor (slavery)

Opportunity It was an opportunity for a new life for many It was an opportunity for a new life for many

Impact of Immigration

Diversity The different ethnic, religious and cultural traditions that make up the American population. The different ethnic, religious and cultural traditions that make up the American population.

The Great American Melting Pot People of different cultures blended together to make one American culture People of different cultures blended together to make one American culture

The American “Tossed Salad” America is made up of many different cultures that remain distinct but contribute to American diversity. America is made up of many different cultures that remain distinct but contribute to American diversity.

Immigration Attitudes Today

Immigration Attitudes Historically

How does one become an American Citizen? 1. Native Born Born on American soil Born on American soil If one parent is an American If one parent is an American

How does one become an American Citizen How does one become an American Citizen 2 Through the Naturalization Process – the steps that someone who is not a citizen take to become one 2 Through the Naturalization Process – the steps that someone who is not a citizen take to become one USCIS – United States Citizenship and Immigration Services USCIS – United States Citizenship and Immigration Services

The Naturalization Process The Naturalization Process Sign Declaration of Intent Document saying want to become US citizen filed with USCIS Live in US Live in US 5 years (3 if married to US citizen or in military) Interview with USCIS Makes sure requirements have been met Examination Test on reading, writing and speaking English. Also history and government of US Oath of Allegiance Swears loyalty to US above all others

Losing Citizenship Denaturalization – lying during the naturalization process Denaturalization – lying during the naturalization process Expatriation – giving up ones citizenship by becoming citizen of another country Expatriation – giving up ones citizenship by becoming citizen of another country Punishment for a Crime – federal crimes that involve extreme disloyalty (i.e. Treason) Punishment for a Crime – federal crimes that involve extreme disloyalty (i.e. Treason)

What is an alien? A noncitizen A noncitizen Legal Aliens – noncitizens who are in the country legally Legal Aliens – noncitizens who are in the country legally Illegal Aliens – noncitizens who came into US illegally Illegal Aliens – noncitizens who came into US illegally

Immigration Act of 1990

Emphasis on people with particular skills, talents, or money to invest. (entrepreneurs) Emphasis on people with particular skills, talents, or money to invest. (entrepreneurs)

What is the difference between the rights of legal aliens and US citizens? Legal Aliens: Legal Aliens: Hold jobs Hold jobs Own property Own property Attend public schools Attend public schools Receive gov. services Receive gov. services Pay taxes Pay taxes Given protection Given protection Legal Aliens cannot: Legal Aliens cannot: Vote in elections Vote in elections Run for office Run for office Serve on juries Serve on juries Be without identification cards Be without identification cards

Warm-Up – Immigration Act of 1990 & Reasons people immigrate Do you think it is fair or right for the US government to allow access to immigrants based on certain skills, talent, or money? Why do you think so many thousands of people are trying to enter the United States each year?

Unit 1 Part III: The Government and the People

Government The Ruling authority for a community The Ruling authority for a community

Why do communities need government? To make it possible for people to live together peacefully To make it possible for people to live together peacefully

Thomas Hobbes Scottish political philosopher ( ) Scottish political philosopher ( )

Life without government would be “nasty, brutish, and short.”

What do governments do?

Provide Laws

Provide Security

Provide Services

Guide the Community Help shape public policy – the course of action to achieve community goals

Levels of Government National Government National Government The government of the entire countryThe government of the entire country

State Government Decides matters for people in the state Decides matters for people in the state

Local Government Counties, cities and towns Counties, cities and towns Closest gov. to the people Closest gov. to the people

Principles of American Democracy

Rule of Law All people are bound by the law All people are bound by the law

Limited Government The government can only do the things that the people have given it power to do. The government can only do the things that the people have given it power to do.

Consent of the Governed American citizens are the source of all government power American citizens are the source of all government power Popular Sovereignty – “The People Rule”Popular Sovereignty – “The People Rule”

Individual Rights Individual rights, even of those not popular with the majority, are protected by the government. Individual rights, even of those not popular with the majority, are protected by the government.

Representative Government People elect leaders to make the laws and govern on their behalf. People elect leaders to make the laws and govern on their behalf.

In your chart place the following under the category they are best suited for: Forsyth County Board of Commissioners Forsyth County Board of Commissioners State Mental Health Care State Mental Health Care The United States Congress The United States Congress The US Military The US Military Garbage collection Garbage collection Police Department Police Department State highway patrol State highway patrol Interstate Highways Interstate Highways Inner state Highways Inner state Highways Airport Screeners Airport Screeners Forsyth County Library Forsyth County Library Keep NC Beautiful Campaign Keep NC Beautiful Campaign Hanging Rock State Park Hanging Rock State Park Polo Park Polo Park North Carolina Laws North Carolina Laws Water Treatment Water Treatment Street Lights Street Lights State Prisons State Prisons Federal Prisons Federal Prisons County Jail County Jail National Health Care National Health Care Social Security Social Security Minimum Wage Laws Minimum Wage Laws Revitalize Downtown Plans Revitalize Downtown Plans City dog leash laws City dog leash laws Veterans Administration Veterans Administration Animal Control Animal Control Beach Erosion Control Beach Erosion Control Yellowstone National Part Yellowstone National Part

Part IV: Types of Government Part IV: Types of Government

Democratic Government Rule by the people (majority rule) Rule by the people (majority rule)

Direct Democracy All citizens vote to determine all issues All citizens vote to determine all issues

Representative Democracy/Republic People elect others to represent them in the decisions of a government with power limited by law People elect others to represent them in the decisions of a government with power limited by law

Constitutional Monarchy/Democracy A government with a hereditary ruler whose power is limited by law (a Constitution) A government with a hereditary ruler whose power is limited by law (a Constitution)

Authoritarian Government Government power is held by individual or group not accountable to the people Government power is held by individual or group not accountable to the people

Absolute Monarchy Hereditary ruler had unlimited authority Hereditary ruler had unlimited authority

Dictatorships/Totalitarianism/Autocracy The government has almost total control over the people’s lives. The government has almost total control over the people’s lives. Power usually taken by force Power usually taken by force

Aristocracy Rule by a upper class (Aristocrats) Rule by a upper class (Aristocrats)

Theocracy Rule by religion Rule by religion

Oligarchy Rule by a few Rule by a few

Anarchy Belief that best government is no government Belief that best government is no government

Ticket Out the Door What is the difference between a Democracy and a Democratic Republic? What is the difference between a Democracy and a Democratic Republic?