By Michelle A. O’Malley League Academy of Communication Arts Vertebrates By Michelle A. O’Malley League Academy of Communication Arts Forward to Lotus Diagram

Directions This is a Non-Linear Interactive Program. Please click on the hyperlinks (underlined words that appear in a different color from the rest of the text) or the action buttons to move from one screen to another. Press the ESC Button anytime you would like to stop the presentation program. Back To Lotus Diagram Back Forward

Back to Direction’s Page What do you know about vertebrates? What are three functions of a backbone? REPTILES FISH What do you know about vertebrates? What two groups of present-day vertebrates are the descendants of reptiles? What do you know about vertebrates? Explain how ectotherms and endotherms differ in the way they control their body temperature. Vertebrates BIRDS MAMMALS AMPHIBIANS Back to Direction’s Page

VERTEBRATES FISH AMPHIBIANS REPTILES BIRDS MAMMALS http://www.kidport.com/RefLib/Science /Animals/AnimalIndexV.htm AMPHIBIANS http://www.kidport.com/RefLib/Science /Animals/AnimalIndexV.htm REPTILES http://www.kidport.com/RefLib/Scie nce/Animals/Reptiles.htm BIRDS http://www.kidport.com/RefLib/Science/Animals/Birds.htm MAMMALS http://www.kidport.com/RefLib/Science/Animals/Mammals.htm

Standard 6-3.1: Vertebrates Animals with backbones Vertebrates share other physical characteristics; for example a protective skin covering an inside skeleton muscles blood that circulates through blood vessels lungs (or gills) for breathing. Vertebrates have legs or fins for movement Vertebrates have a nervous system with brains that process information from their environments through sensory organs, such as ears or tongues Vertebrates also contain many highly developed systems associated with their specialized organs. There are thousands of species of vertebrates divided into five groups: fish, amphibians, reptiles, mammals, and birds. Back To Lotus Diagram

Standard 6-3.1: Vertebrates - Fish Fish have backbones Fish are cold-blooded (ectothermic) Fish obtain dissolved oxygen in water through gills Most fish lay eggs Fish have scales Fish have fins Fish live in the water FISH http://www.kidport.com/RefLib/Science /Animals/AnimalIndexV.htm Back To Lotus Diagram

Standard 6-3.1: Vertebrates - Amphibians http://www.kidport.com/RefLib/Science /Animals/AnimalIndexV.htm Back To Lotus Diagram Amphibians have backbones Amphibians are cold-blooded (ectothermic) Amphibians can breathe in water with gills early in life, and breathe on land with lungs as adults Amphibians go through metamorphosis and lay jelly-like eggs The major groups of amphibians are frogs, toads, and salamanders Frogs and salamanders have smooth, moist skin, through which they can breathe; and live part of their life in water and part on land. Toads have thicker, bumpy skin and live on land.

Standard 6-3.1: Vertebrates - Reptiles http://www.kidport.com/RefLib/Scie nce/Animals/Reptiles.htm Back To Lotus Diagram Reptiles have backbones Reptiles are cold-blooded (ectothermic) Reptiles breathe with lungs Most Reptiles lay eggs; although in some the eggs hatch inside the female Reptiles have scales or plates

Standard 6-3.1: Vertebrates - Mammals Back To Lotus Diagram Mammals have backbones Mammals are warm-blooded (endothermic) Mammals breathe with lungs Mammals have babies that are born live Mammals have fur or hair Mammals produce milk to feed their young MAMMALS http://www.kidport.com/RefLib/Science/Animals/Mammals.htm

Standard 6-3.1: Vertebrates - Birds Birds have backbones Birds are warm-blooded (endothermic) Birds Breathe with lungs Birds Lay eggs Birds have feathers Birds have a beak, two wings, and two feet BIRDS http://www.kidport.com/RefLib/Science/Animals/Birds.htm Back To Lotus Diagram

What are three functions of a backbone? The backbone supports the body, gives the body flexibility, and protects the spinal cord. Back To Lotus Diagram

Explain how ectotherms and endotherms differ in the way they control their body temperature. The body temperature of ectotherms changes depending on the temperature of environment. Endotherms have bodies that control internal body heat and therefore maintain nearly constant body temperature. Back To Lotus Diagram

What two groups of present-day vertebrates are the descendants of reptiles? Birds and mammals Back To Lotus Diagram

Works Cited Back To Lotus Diagram Science Explorer: Animals by Jan Jenner, Ph.D., Prentice-Hall, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ 2000. Graphics from Microsoft Office and cited information under each graphic Greenville County Schools Science Curriculum Support Guide