1. Animals
6-3.1 Compare the characteristic structures of invertebrate animals (including sponges, segmented worms, echinoderms, mollusks, and arthropods) and vertebrate animals (fish, amphibians, reptiles, birds and mammals.

2. Animal Classification
35 animal phyla (groups)
Classified into 2 large groups:
Vertebrates: backbone
Invertebrates: no backbone

3. Common Characteristics
All animals:
Multi-cellular bodies
Heterotrophs: can’t make their own food – must eat plants/other animals
Major Functions:
obtain food and oxygen for energy
keep internal conditions in balance
move
reproduce

4. Vertebrates
5 groups of vertebrates: 1. fish 2. amphibians 3. reptiles 4. birds 5. mammals

5. Characteristics of Vertebrates
Backbone
Internal skeleton (endoskeleton)
Muscles

6. Characteristics of Vertebrates
Blood that circulates through blood vessels and lungs (or gills) for breathing

7. Characteristics of Vertebrates
Protective skin covering

8. Characteristics of Vertebrates
Legs, wings, or fins for movement

9. Characteristics of Vertebrates
Have a nervous system with a brain that processes information from their environment through sensory organs

10. Differences between Vertebrates
Some vertebrates are cold-blooded: their body temperature is close to that of their environment. *ectothermic
Ex: fish, amphibians, reptiles
Others are warm-blooded: their body temperature stays constant regardless of the temperature of the environment. *endothermic
Ex: birds and mammals

11. Fish Cold-blooded (ectothermic)
Obtain dissolved Oxygen in water through gills
Most lay eggs
Have scales
Have fins
Live in water

12. Amphibians Cold-blooded (ectothermic)
Most can breathe in water as young, and breathe on land as adults
Go through metamorphosis
Lay jelly-like eggs

13. Amphibians Major groups: frogs, toads, salamanders
Frogs and salamanders have smooth, moist skin. This helps them to breathe and live partly in water/partly on land.
Toads have thicker, bumpy skin and live on land.

14. Reptiles Cold-blooded (ectothemic) Breathe with lungs Most lay eggs
Sometimes the eggs hatch inside the female
Have scales/plates

15. Birds Warm-blooded (endothermic) Breathe with lungs Lay eggs
Have feathers
Have a beak, two wings, two feet

16. Mammals Warm-blooded (endothermic) Breathe with lungs
Most have babies that are born live
Have hair/fur
Produce milk to feed their young