Exploring the History and Importance of Wildlife Management Lesson 1 Exploring the History and Importance of Wildlife Management

Common Core/Next Generation Science Standards Addressed! HS-ESS3-1. Construct an explanation based on evidence for how the availability of natural resources, occurrence of natural hazards, and changes in climate have influenced human activity. [Clarification Statement: Examples of key natural resources include access to fresh water (such as rivers, lakes, and groundwater), regions of fertile soils such as river deltas, and high concentrations of minerals and fossil fuels. Examples of natural hazards can be from interior processes (such as volcanic eruptions and earthquakes), surface processes (such as tsunamis, mass wasting and soil erosion), and severe weather (such as hurricanes, floods, and droughts). Examples of the results of changes in climate that can affect populations or drive mass migrations include changes to sea level, regional patterns of temperature and precipitation, and the types of crops and livestock that can be raised.] CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.RI.11-12.3 Analyze a complex set of ideas or sequence of events and explain how specific individuals, ideas, or events interact and develop over the course of the text. CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.RI.11-12.7 Integrate and evaluate multiple sources of information presented in different media or formats (e.g., visually, quantitatively) as well as in words in order to address a question or solve a problem.

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Terms to Know Aesthetic value Commercial value Domestication Ecological value Ecology Endangered species act Exploitation Forest service Game value

Terms to Know Lacey Act Migratory Bird Conservation Act Migratory Bird Hunting Stamp Act National Park Service Pittman-Robertson Act Scientific value Wildlife Wildlife conservation Wildlife management Wildlife Refuge Service

Explain the history of wildlife conservation In the 1600’s, when the pilgrims arrived, wildlife was plentiful and was able to meet the needs of the people. Needs turned into wants, which led to exploitation - the use of natural resources for profit. By the 1800’s, people began to see a need for conservation of our natural resources

What is the history of wildlife conservation? Morrill Act of 1862 Established colleges to teach agriculture. (NMSU) Made “land grant universities” such as the University of Illinois.

What is the history of wildlife conservation? Yellowstone National Park First national park in the world. Its purpose was to preserve the natural resources of the area. 1872 Located in Idaho, Montana & Wyoming 3,472 sq. miles 2,221,773 sq. acres

What are the national policies that impact wildlife conservation? National Park Service Enacted in 1916. Federal agency responsible for the care of the national parks. Lacey Act Regulates the shipment of illegally killed animals. Made it illegal to trade protected wildlife.

What are the national policies that impact wildlife conservation? Migratory Bird Conservation Act First step in protecting migratory birds. 1929 Migratory Bird Hunting Stamp Act Requires people planning on hunting migratory birds to purchase special stamps. 1937 Has raised over $1 billion to date.

What are the national policies that impact wildlife conservation? Pittman-Robertson Act Raises money in the form of taxes on hunting equipment and ammunition 1937

What are the national policies that impact wildlife conservation? Endangered Species Act Identifies and manages rare, threatened and endangered species. Threatened-population is in danger of becoming endangered. Endangered-population is in danger of becoming extinct.

What are the national policies that impact wildlife conservation? Wildlife Refuge System A system of wildlife refuges across the United States. A part of the US Fish and Wildlife Service. 1966

What are the national policies that impact wildlife conservation? Forest Service Part of the USDA that manages 156 forests covering 191 million acres of forests and grassland.

Historical People in Wildlife Conservation John James Audubon (1785-1851) Watched and studied birds. Published a book about his bird studies. 1905 the National Audubon Society was formed.

Historical People in Wildlife Conservation John Muir (1838-1914) Partly responsible for the development of Yellowstone and Sequoia National Parks. Encouraged President Roosevelt to establish these parks. Started the Sierra Club. California forest named after him.

Historical People in Wildlife Conservation Theodore Roosevelt (1858-1919) Known as the “Father of the Conservation Movement”. Passed legislations to help protect natural resource.

Historical People in Wildlife Conservation Aldo Leopold (1886-1948) Applied ecology to wildlife. Ecology is the study of how organisms interact with their environment. (Leopold lived and worked in Silver City NM) Wrote a book called Game Management that was used to help further educate wildlife biologists.

Historical People in Wildlife Conservation Gifford Pinchot (1865-1946) One of the first leaders of what is now known as the U.S. Forest Service. Wrote a book called The Fight for Conservation. His efforts focused on the conservation of forests.

Historical People in Wildlife Conservation Hugh Bennett (1881-1960 Father of soil conservation. First person to run the Soil Conservation Service. Jay Darling (1872-1962) Designed the first migratory bird stamp. Drew cartoons of wildlife and natural resources. His cartoons made the public aware of the need for wildlife conservation.

The work of Jay Darling “Land, water and vegetation are just that dependent on one another. Without these three primary elements in natural balance, we can have neither fish nor game, wild flowers nor trees, labor nor capital, nor sustaining habitat for humans” Jay “Ding” Darling 

The work of Jay Darling

What are the values of wildlife Plants and animals that have not been domesticated are called wildlife. Domestication is being under control of humans. There are five basic values of wildlife

Five Basic Values of Wildlife Aesthetic value - the enjoying of wildlife’s beauty and pleasure Scientific value - studying and research of wildlife for their use in medications, integrated pest management, etc… Ecological Value - the interaction of wildlife in nature

Five Basic Values of Wildlife Commercial - using wildlife to earn money Game Value - the enjoyment value gained through hunting and fishing

What are wildlife conservation and wildlife management? Wildlife Conservation-the wise use of natural resources in our environment. Wildlife Conservation is divided in 4 parts. Education - learning how to conserve wildlife and its resources. Research - using science to better understand the needs and requirements of wildlife and its habitat.

What are wildlife conservation and wildlife management? Wildlife Conservation is divided in 4 parts (continued) Law Enforcement - ensures that all laws related to wildlife are followed. Wildlife Management - manipulation of wildlife to achieve a positive goal.

Review What is wildlife exploitation? List and explain the national policies that impact wildlife conservation. Identify historical people to wildlife conservation. Describe the values of wildlife. What is wildlife management? What is wildlife conservation?