Juniellie Castaneda Psychology Period 6 Bipolar Disorder I, II Juniellie Castaneda Psychology Period 6

Bipolar Disorder Bipolar I – A mood disorder on which the person alternates between the hopelessness and lethargy, lack of energy, of depression and the over excited state of mania. Manic-depressive-disorder Mania- a mental illness market by periods of great excitement, euphoric delusions, and over activity.

Bipolar Disorder Bipolar II- A person’s who’s moods are less intense, hypomania. A person has to have at least 1 hypomanic episode and suffer from depression.

Associated Features Bipolar Disorder Major depressive episodes Hopeless, sad ,empty Irritability Inability to experience pleasure Loss of energy Appetite changes Sleep problems Concentration/memory problems Worthless Thoughts of death Major depressive episodes

Associated Features Talking Fast Manic Episode Feel optimistic or extremely irritable Do not have enough sleep feel energetic Talking Fast Jump Quickly from one idea to the other Distractible Act recklessly Delusions and hallucinations (in severe cases)

Associated Features DSM-IV-TR Criteria Bipolar I A. Presence of only one Manic Episode and no past Major Depressive Episode. Recurrence is defined as either a change in polarity from depression or an internal of at least 2 months without manic symptoms. B. The Manic Episode is not better accounted for by Schizoaffective Disorder and is not superimposed on Schizophrenia, Schizophreniform Disorder, Delusional Disorder or Psychotic Disorder NOT OTHER WISE SPECIFIED.

Associated Features DSM-IV-TR Criteria Bipolar II A. Presence (history) of one or more Major Depressive Episode. B. Presence of at least one Hypomanic Episode C. There has never been a Manic Episode or a Mixed Episode D. The mood symptoms in criteria A and for by Schizoaffective Disorder and are not superimposed on Schizophrenia, Schizophreniform Disorder, Delusional Disorder, Psychotic Disorder NOT OTHER SPECIFIED.

E. The symptoms cause clinically significant distress or impairment in social, occupational or other important areas of functioning.

Etiology Genetics One parent has mood disorder 30% of the children could develop mood disorder Two parents have mood disorder 50%-75% of children could develop mood disorder Fraternal Twins 15-20% could develop mood disorder Identical Twins 67% could develop mood disorder

Prevalence U.S population 1.6% if the people have bipolar. Life time prevalence of Bipolar I in community samples has varied from 0.4%-1.6% Bipolar II of approximately 0.5% (2.5% of U.S. population) 5.7 million American adults, 18 or older, 2.6% have Bipolar Disorder

Prevalence Postpartum period Have a high risk in developing a manic episode.

Treatment Biological Treatment antidepressant medication Tricyclic antidepressants Restore balance monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOI) Treat anxiety, panic Lithium Carbonate Mood stabilizing

Treatment Psychological Treatment Somatic treatments Electroconvulsive Shock Behavioral therapy interactions with clients Cognitively based therapy suggestions for activities ( improve clients live

Prognosis Medication is either ineffective or slow ill alleviating symptoms severe or life threatening. Incapacitating depression clients might request electroconvulsive therapy

Discussion How can behavior improve or prevent bipolar disorder?

References Halgin, R.P. & Whitbourne, S.K.(2005). Abnormal psychology: clinical perspectives on psychological disorder. New York, N.Y: McGraw-Hilll Myers, D.G.(2011).Myers’ psychology for ap. New York, N.Y: Worth Publishers. WEBMD, (n.d.). Bipolar disorder health center. Retreived from http://www.webmd.com/bipolar-disorder/guide/bipolar-2-disorder