Work Packages: 1. Technologies (combination of CSP and desalting technologies) 2. Water and Solar Energy Resources 3. Demand Side Scenario 4. CSP Market Potential Socio-Economic Impacts 6. Environmental Impacts 7. Literature
WP 6: Environmental Impacts Impacts of Conventional Desalination Seawater intake for desalination and for the cooling system may cause impingement and entrainment of organisms, airborne emissions of pollutants and carbon dioxide are caused by the generation of electricity and heat required to power the desalination plants, chemical additives and biocides used to avoid fouling, foaming, corrosion and scaling of the desalination plants may finally appear in the brine, discharge of hot brine with high salt concentration to the sea may affect local species.
WP 6: Environmental Impacts Impacts of Multi-Effect-Desalination
WP 6: Environmental Impacts Impacts of Conventional Reverse Osmosis
WP 6: Environmental Impacts Systems compared by Life Cycle Assessment
WP 6: Environmental Impacts Life Cycle Assessment of Emissions
WP 6: Environmental Impacts Life Cycle Emissions compared to CC/RO Combined Cycle / Reverse Osmosis = 100 %
WP 6: Environmental Impacts CSP/RO
WP 6: Environmental Impacts MENA Electricity Mix / RO
WP 6: Environmental Impacts CSP/MED
WP 6: Environmental Impacts Gas-Fired CHP / MED
WP 6: Environmental Impacts Horizontal Drain Intake Single horizontal drain (left) and fan of horizontal drains in the sea bed /Peters et al. 2007/
WP 6: Environmental Impacts Nano-Filtration Nano-Filtration: – 350 $/m³/d + 10 – 15 ct/m³ + 1 – 1.2 kWh/m³
WP 6: Environmental Impacts Advanced CSP/MED % Investment % Energy – % Additives
WP 6: Environmental Impacts Advanced CSP/RO % Investment % Energy – % Additives
Conventional Desalination Plant Screening, Filtration Tunel Intake Desalination Plant Direct Discharge Power Plant Heat / Power Anti-Scaling Anti-Foaming Anti-Corrosion Desinfection
Advanced CSP-Desalination Plant Nano- Filtration Horizontal Drain Intake Desalination Plant Horizontal Drain Discharge Power Plant Heat / Power Concentrating Solar Collector & Storage
WP 6: Environmental Impacts Impact on Global Warming
WP 6: Environmental Impacts Impact of broad Dissemination in MENA
WP 6: Environmental Impacts Conclusions Large scale conventional seawater desalination would create significant environmental impacts CSP can reduce energy related emissions to few percent Beachwell or horizontal drain intake and nano-filtration can reduce additives Horizontal drain intake can reduce impingement and entrainment and horizontal drain discharge can avoid concentration of heat and salt Advanced CSP seawater desalination can be compatible with the environment