Tips for Using Visual Aids Prepare & practice with visuals in advance Make visual aids large & understandable Display visual aids so all can see Explain visual aids clearly and concisely Avoid potential distractions: Passing objects around audience Displaying visual aids when not in use Talking to the visual aid Using whiteboard

Types of Delivery Impromptu: Little preparation or rehearsal. Unanticipated speaking situations. Memorized: Word-for-word recall. Short messages on ceremonial occasions. Manuscript: Reading prepared script. Occasions needing exact wording and timing. Extemporaneous: Use of prepared notes. Most contemporary speaking situations.

Nonverbal Delivery Cues Emblems are symbolic. Illustrators complement verbal meaning. Affect displays reveal or confirm feelings. Regulators control the flow of communication. Adaptors relieve tension.

Effective Delivery Develop a conversational quality. Establish eye contact throughout room. Let out natural enthusiasm and animation. Allow movement to flow from the meaning. Adapt voice for speaking situation. Adjust loudness and pitch. Vary vocal qualities: rate and intensity. Appearance should enhance credibility.

Managing Anxiety Select interesting topic. Start early & prepare completely. Practice using final outline & materials. Visualize the experience positively. Pause, breathe, establish eye contact. Act confident. Ignore most mistakes. Focus on message, not image.