Chapter 1 Biology: The Study of Life Pages 1 to 33 Section 1.1: What is Biology? Section 1.2: The Methods of Biology Section 1.3: The Nature of Biology

Priority academic student skills: P.A.s.s. This chapter is an introduction into the SCIENCE PROCESSES & INQUIRY: Process Standard 1: Observe and Measure – all parts Process Standard 2: Classify – all parts Process Standard 3: Experiment – all parts Process Standard 4: Interpret and Communicate – all parts Process Standard 5: Model Process Standard 6: Inquiry

Section 1.1 what is biology? Objectives: RECOGNIZE some possible benefits from studying biology SUMMARIZE the characteristics of living things. New vocabulary : page 3 (14) Student is responsible for defining the new vocabulary to properly prepare for the exam.

Section 1.1: the science of biology Biology means the study of life because bios means “life” while logos means “study”. Biologists study the interactions of life Refer to Figure 1.1 on page 4

Section 1.1: biologists study the diversity of life Biologists study the interactions of the environment. Living “things” cannot live in isolation. Interaction of living “things” to the environment must be investigated. Refer to Figure 1.2 page 5 Answer the Reading Check at the bottom of page 5: EXPLAIN why scientists study an organism’s environment.

Section 1.1: biologists study the diversity of life Biologists study problems and propose solutions Refer to Figure 1.3 page 5 The study of biology will teach you how humans function and how we fit in with the rest of the natural world.

Section 1.1: characteristics of living things Anything that possesses all the characteristics of life is known as an ORGANISM. All living things: Must know Have an orderly structure. Produce offspring. Grow and develop Adjust to changes in the environment.

Section 1.1: characteristics of living things Living things are organized. All living things show an orderly structure, or ORGANIZATION Refer to Figure 1.5 page 7 Living things make more living things REPRODUCTION is the production of offspring. SPECIES is a group of organisms that can interbreed and produce fertile offspring in nature.

Section 1.1: characteristics of living things Living things change during their lives GROWTH results in an increase in the amount of living material and formation of new structures. DEVELOPMENT is all of the changes that takes place during the life of an organism.

Section 1.1: characteristics of living things Living things adjust to their surroundings Another name for surroundings is the ENVIRONMENT. Environment includes the air, water, weather, temperature, any other organisms in the area, and other factors.

Section 1.1: characteristics of living things Living things adjust to their surroundings – continued STIMULUS is anything in an organism’s external or internal environment that causes the organism to react. A reaction to a stimulus is a RESPONSE.

Section 1.1: characteristics of living things Living things adjust to their surroundings – continued HOMEOSTASIS is the regulation of an organism’s internal environment to maintain conditions suitable for its survival. Examples of homeostatis are maintaining temperature, water amount, mineral content, filtration of fluids, etc.

Section 1.1: characteristics of living things Living things adjust to their surroundings – continued ENERGY is the ability to cause change. Energy is obtained by the foods that are consumed by the organism.

Section 1.1: characteristics of living things Living things adapt and evolve ADAPTATION is any inherited structure, behavior, or internal process that enables an organism to respond to environmental factors and live to produce offspring. EVOLUTION is the gradual change in a species through adaptations over time

Section 1.1: Section ASSEssment Understanding Main Ideas Answer #2 to #4 Thinking Critically Answer #5 SELF CHECK QUIZ http://www.bdol.glencoe.com\self_ check_quiz

Section 1.2 The methods of biology Objectives: COMPARE different scientific methods DIFFERENTIATE among hypothesis, theory, and principle. New vocabulary : page 11 (9) Student is responsible for defining the new vocabulary to properly prepare for the exam. Also include any Review Vocabulary.

Section 1.2: the methods of biology Why does rain bring out the worms? Read this short paragraph for clarification of what section shall present. Refer Skill Handbook – pg. 1104 to 1109 Observing and Hypothesizing The methods biologists use SCIENTIFIC METHODS are the common steps that biologists and other scientists use to gather information and answer questions

Section 1.2: the methods of biology Observing and Hypothesizing The question of brown tree snakes Read and refer to Figure 1.10 page 12 HYPOTHESIS is an explanation for a question or problem that can be formally tested. Not a random guess. The explanation is based on observation and researching the event or situation.

Section 1.2: the methods of biology Experimenting EXPERIMENT is an investigation that tests a hypothesis by the process of collecting information under controlled conditions. What is a controlled experiment? CONTROL is the part of an experiment that is the standard against which results are compared. Control receives no experimental treatment. Read Figure 1.11 for further understanding.

Section 1.2: the methods of biology Experimenting - continued Designing an experiment Independent variable The only factor that affects the outcome of the experiment. On a line or bar graph, the x-axis title. Note: Independent starts with an “I”. I change the factor of the experiment.

Section 1.2: the methods of biology Experimenting - continued Designing an experiment Dependent variable The result of independent variable usually in a quantitative value. On a line or bar graph, located on the y- axis. The dependent variable “depends” on the independent variable. READING CHECK on top of page 14.

Section 1.2: the methods of biology Experimenting – continued Using tools Know the following measurements including the tools and the units used to describe each. Measurements include: length, volume, and mass.

Section 1.2: the methods of biology Experimenting - continued Maintaining safety – Use pg. 1107 to 1109 Safety symbol is a symbol that warns you about a danger that may exist if chemicals, electricity, heat, or procedures you will use. Refer to pages 1107 to 1109 and Table 1.1 on page 15. Information must be looked at because they shall be on EOI, chapter exam, benchmark exam & semester exam.

Section 1.2: the methods of biology Experimenting – continued Data gathering Data is the information obtained from investigations. Also referred to as experimental results. Two types of data: numerical and descriptive. Refer to pages 1060 & 1061.

Section 1.2: the methods of biology Experimenting – continued Reporting results Results and conclusions of investigations are reported in scientific journals, where they are available for examination by other scientists. Verifying results Data and conclusions are shared with other scientists for an important reason. Thinking about what happened Often, the thinking that goes into analyzing data takes the greatest amount of scientist’s time.

Section 1.2: the methods of biology Experimenting - continued Scientific Methods – Figure 1.14 on page 17 Students are responsible for being able to list and describe each of the steps for the scientific method. Theories and laws Theory is an explanation of a natural phenomenon that is supported by a large body of scientific evidence obtained from many investigations and observations.

Section 1.2: Section ASSEssment Understanding Main Ideas Answer #1 to #4 Thinking Critically Answer #5 SELF CHECK QUIZ http://www.bdol.glencoe.com\self_ check_quiz

Section 1.3 The nature of biology Objectives: COMPARE & CONTRAST quantitative and qualitative information. EXPLAIN why science and technology cannot solve all problems. New vocabulary : page 19 (2) Student is responsible for defining the new vocabulary to properly prepare for the exam. Also include any REVIEW VOCABULARY.

Section 1.3: the nature of biology Two Ways to Describe Things Read this short paragraph Kinds of Information Quantitative Information Usually consist of a number and an unit such as 50 meters. Also known as numerical data Measuring in the International System Student is responsible for this information. Must know the types of measurements, tools and the units. Refer to Skill Handbook in back of textbook.

Section 1.3: the nature of biology Kinds of Information - continued Qualitative information Observational data --- that is, written descriptions of what scientists observe --- are often just as important in the solution of a scientific problem as numerical data or quantitative information.

Section 1.3: the nature of biology Science and Society ETHICS refers to the moral principles and values held by humans. Can science answer all questions? Some questions are simply not in the realm of science such as good v. evil. Can technology solve all problems? TECHNOLOGY is the application of scientific research to society’s needs and problems.

Section 1.3: Section ASSEssment Understanding Main Ideas Answer #2 to #4 Thinking Critically Answer #5 SELF CHECK QUIZ http://www.bdol.glencoe.com\self_ check_quiz

Chapter 1 ASSEssment Study Guide page 27 Student responsible for Key Concepts and Vocabulary for each section. Vocabulary Review, Understanding Key Concepts, &Constructed Response pg. 28 Answer all questions Standardized Test Practice pg.29 Answer #15 through #20

Biodigest unit 1 review What is biology? page 30 Student responsible for reading and knowing information on this page Standardized Test Practice Unit 1 Review pg. 31 Answer all questions – turn in results to teacher BEFORE exam